【作者】 吴艳霞；

【导师】 肖峻；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 地震是地壳介质在构造力的长期作用下一些特殊部位能量长期积累和突然释放的结果。因此,在地震孕育期间,孕震体介质必然产生形变,地壳形变在地震监测预报研究中占有重要地位,世界各国都把地壳形变作为研究地震预报的重要手段。 倾斜仪是一种研究固体潮和地震的基本仪器,主要有水平摆倾斜仪、水管倾斜仪、垂直摆倾斜仪。VS新型垂直摆倾斜仪,由于其机械本体更稳定,仪器底板采用等腰三角形结构,增加了仪器的基线长度,进而减小了安装误差对仪器性能的影响;而且其电路简单可靠,提高了电路的稳定性,减小了电路调试的工作量;另外,仪器采用非门做的方波振荡信号,使得仪器的信噪比得以提高;仪器采用良好的屏蔽措施,降低了信号的干扰;主放大采用了比例放大,带宽更宽,记录到的地倾斜信息更丰富,能够很好的应用于地震预报工作。 本文对VS新型垂直摆倾斜仪的机械结构及其零部件、差动电容测微传感器、仪器的标定、调摆以及倾斜仪的实际应用等作了深入的研究。主要研究结果如下: (1)对VS新型垂直摆主要的机械零部件进行了研究,提出了采用固定式支撑杆、调节式支撑杆采用双重轴向定位、垫块水平置平、主体支架采用整体圆柱形截面结构等技术要求,保证倾斜仪机械本体的稳定性。 (2)仪器底板采用等腰三角形结构,仪器的基线长度增加能够减小安装误差对仪器性能造成的影响。 (3)详细介绍了高精度差动电容位移传感器,并研究了仪器的抗干扰措施。 (4)研究了仪器的标定方法,比较了静电标定和重块标定的优缺点。静电标定方法无需标定装置,操作简单可靠,所以VS新型垂直摆倾斜仪采用静电标定方法。 (5)研究了VS新型垂直摆倾斜仪的调摆装置,设计了自动调摆的电路。更多还原

【Abstract】 Earthquake is a result of the crust medium’s some special parts’ energy long-term accumulations and releases suddenly under the structure strength long-term function. Therefore, in earthquake’s breeding period, the earthquake gestation body medium has the deformation inevitably. The crust deformation plays an important role in the earthquake monitoring and forecast research. Many countries take the earth crust deformation as an important method for earthquake forecast.Tilt meter is one kind of basic instrument of earth tide and the earthquake research, which includes the horizontal pendulum tilt meter, the water tube tilt meter and the vertical pendulum tilt meter. The VS new vertical pendulum tilt meter has more stable mechanical body. Its bedplate uses the isosceles triangle structure, which increases the baseline length of the apparatus, as a result, the influence of install error reduces. Moreover its electric circuit is simple and reliable, it enhances the electric circuit stability, reduced the workload for debugging. In addition, the instrument uses the square-wave vibration signal produced by the NOT gate, which enhances the signal to noise ratio. The instrument uses good shielding measure, which causes the signal disturbance reduced. The main amplifier uses proportion enlargement, widening the bandwidth, recording richer earth decline information, which can be well used in the earthquake forecast.This article introduces the VS new vertical pendulum tilt meter’s mechanical construction and its components, the differential capacitance displacement sensor, the calibration, pendulum dialing as well as its practical application .The main findings are as follows:(1) The VS new vertical pendulum tilt meter’s main mechanical spare parts are researched. The tilt meter uses the prop pole, the adjustable prop pole using the dual horizontal positioning and horizontal cushion. The main supportuses integrated cylindrical cross-section structure which guarantees stability of the instrument’s mechanical structure.(2) The bedplate uses the isosceles triangle structure, lengthening the baseline can reduce the influence of install error.(3) The high accuracy differential capacity displacement sensor is introduced in detail. Meanwhile the antijamming measure is studied.(4) The instrument’s calibration method is studied. Electrostatic calibration and heavy block calibration are compared. Electrostatic calibration doesn’t need calibration apparatus, its manipulation is simple, so new vertical pendulum tilt meter adopts electrostatic calibration.(5) The adjusting pendulum equipment of the VS new vertical pendulum tilt meter and the circuit of auto-adjusting pendulum are researched.(6)The operating environment and stabilizing process are studied. Using the foam cover to mantle the instrument entity can reduce inside airstreams influence on the instrument.(7) The instrument record data is analyzed. The frequency range of VS new vertical pendulum tilt meter is very wide, and the plus is great. The record earthquake information is abundant, and the record amplitude is 10 times more than others. The instrument may be used as a wide frequency range seismograph, which fills up the blank that measure cycle of the earth liberation between 120 seconds and 25 hours. It has very important meaning to the analysis and forecast the earthquake.更多还原