【作者】 韦欣；

【导师】 王曙；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 生药学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 秦艽Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae来源于龙胆科植物秦艽Gentiana macrophylla Pall.、粗茎秦艽G. crassicaulis Duthie ex Burk.、麻花秦艽G. straminea Maxim.、或小秦艽G. dahurica Fisch.。生药秦艽具有祛风湿、清湿热、止痹痛的功能。临床上用于风湿痹痛、筋脉拘挛、骨节烦痛、日曝潮热和小儿疳积发热等症。秦艽主产于甘肃、青海、四川、陕西等省。四川中药志记载的秦艽主要原植物之一是粗茎秦艽,四川市场上流通的“萝卜艽”也主要来源于粗茎秦艽。 秦艽主要含裂环烯醚萜苷、甾醇苷、挥发油和糖类等成分。如在提取过程中加入氨,裂环烯醚萜苷类成分即转化成生物碱类成分。该类生物碱具有抗风湿、止痛等药理作用,与中药秦艽的效用基本一致;并且秦艽总碱提取物的抗炎镇痛作用强于秦艽总苷提取物。目前对秦艽的研究工作主要集中在秦艽Gentiana macrophylly Pall.上,在化学成分方面侧重于对裂环烯醚萜苷和甾醇苷等成分的研究;而对粗茎秦艽G. crassicaulis Duthie ex Burk.的研究较少。据此,本课题进行了更多还原

【Abstract】 Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae is derived from the Gentiana species such as Gentiana macrophylla Pall., G. crassicaulis Duthie ex Burk., G. straminea Maxim., or G. dahurica Fisch.. Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae is quite frequently used for the treatment of rheumatism, pain, fungal and bacterial infections, hepatitis and hypertension. It is distributed over Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, and Shanxi. The Chinese crude drug "Qinjiao" which was reported in "Sichuan Zhong Yao Zhi" and the commodity "Luobojiqo" in Sichuan market both come from the roots of G. crassicaulis Duthie ex Burk.,Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae mainly contains secoiridoide glycoside, sterol glycoside, Volatile oil and carbohydrate. Previous research revealed that secoiridoide glycosides were transformed to alkaloids due to the presence of amine in the isolation process. The alkaloids have depressive effects on rheumatism, pain, fungal and bacterial infections as same as Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae. Previous researchs on G. macrophylla Pall, are far more than G.crassicaulis Duthie ex Burk..In this paper, the pharmacognostical studies on G. crassicaulis Duthie ex Burk. are reported, including external structures and morphological characters .10 components first time were extracted with amine and isolated from roots of G. crassicaulis Duthie ex Burk.. The structures of 8 alkaloids have been established to be gentianine, gentianal, gentiatibetine, gentiocrasine, gentiocrasidine, daucosterol, p-sitosterol and plamitic acid by spectroscopic analysis(’H-NMR, I3C-NMR, DEPT, ESIMS, IR, UV)and chemical evidence respectively, gentiocrasine and gentiocrasidine was isolated for the first time.Gentianine and gentianal are the major biologically active alkaloids in Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae, and gentiopicroside is the major biologically active component in it. The content of total alkaloids was determined by silicoduo-decitungstic acid titration. The result is G. macrophylla Pall>G. crassicaulis Duthie ex Burk. >G. straminea Maxim. .An RP-HPLC assay was developed for determining gentianine, gentianal and gentiopicroside. The sensitive and specific assay was successfully utilized to quantify the 3 biologically active components. The result is gentiopicroside >gentianine>gentianal. in several Gentiana species.更多还原