【作者】 唐春祥；

【导师】 陈代文；

【作者基本信息】 四川农业大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 褪黑激素（Melatonin,MT）主要是由动物脑部松果体在无光照时分泌的吲哚类激素,对机体的抗氧化功能、免疫系统、内分泌系统及生殖系统等都存在明显的作用。本试验通过研究褪黑激素主动免疫对生长猪生产性能和胴体品质的影响,并探讨褪黑激素主动免疫与生长猪养分沉积和肉质的关系。试验选用20kg±1.5kg健康二元（长×大）杂交猪10头,按体重相近的原则随机分成二个处理,分别注射牛血清白蛋白（BSA）和褪黑激素完全抗原,分别在试验第1、15、29、43d进行免疫。试验猪体重达95kg左右时进行屠宰试验。试验期为117d。 结果显示:随着免疫时间的延长,对照组和处理组抗体滴度（用OD值表示）不断升高;试验第15d,处理组抗体滴度显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。试验第43d,处理组抗体滴度极显著高于对照组（P<0.01）。与对照组相比,处理组在第一阶段（试验第1d到第57d）平均日增重和平均日采食量有提高趋势,其中,平均日增重提高8.69%（P=0.232）,平均日采食量提高6.84%（P=0.525）,对饲料效率没有影响。从全期来看,与对照组相比,处理组猪生产性能有提高趋势,其中,平均日增重提高3.44%（P=0.260）。与对照组相比,处理组粗蛋白表观消化率提高2.15%（P=0.430）,总能表观消化率提高2.22%（P=0.170）,粗脂肪表观消化率降低2.74%（P=0.524）。生长育肥猪注射褪黑激素完全抗原后,眼肌面积增加36.2%（P<0.05）,背膘厚提高13.6%（P<0.32）,板油比增加34.6%（P<0.053）,屠宰率增加3.04%,肌肉滴水损失增加13.13%（P<0.10）,大理石纹评分降低11.1%（P<0.33）。屠宰后45分钟肌肉pH值(pH_45min)和屠宰后24小时肌肉pH值(pH_24h)略微下降。用日本美能达彩色仪测定的屠宰后45分钟肌肉L值(L_45min,L值表示肌肉亮度)和B值(B_45min,B值是度量肌肉从黄色到蓝色的变化)略微下降,而A值(A_45min,A值是度量肌肉从红色到绿色的变化)上升。屠宰后24小时肌肉L值(L_24h)和B值(B_24h)略微上升,且L₂₄>53,A值(A_24h)上升。褪黑激素主动免疫可使猪肉中丙二醛含量从3.98nmol/mg增加到4.38nmol/mg,增加10.05%（P<0.56）。 综上所述,在本试验条件下,褪黑激素主动免疫可使试验猪血清抗体滴度显著升高,生长猪采食量、体增重、饲料报酬以及日粮蛋白质和能量消化率有提高的趋势,日粮脂肪消化率有降低的趋势;眼肌面积和板油比显著增加,背膘厚和屠宰率有提高趋势;肌肉滴水损失有增加趋势,而肌内脂肪含量有降低趋势;肌肉丙二醛含量有更多还原

【Abstract】 Melatonin(MT) is an indolamine synthesized and secreted in darkness mainly by the pineal gland. It affects various physiological functions such as antioxidation, immunization, endocrine and reproduction. This trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of active immunization against melatonin on the growth performance and carcass quality of growing pigs. Ten (Landrace × Largewhite) growing pigs with body weight of 20±1.5kg were allotted randomly to two groups by weight. Every group included five replicates of one pig each. Pigs of each group were injected every 14 days with bovine serum albumin (BSA) or melatonin conjugated to BSA respectively. Primary inoculation was on day 1 and booster inoculation were on day 15, 29 and 43. All pigs were slaughtered on day 117.The result showed antibody titers of treatment animals were significantly higher (P<0.01) compared with control pigs. In phase l(from day1 to day 57), the average daily weight gain (AE)G) of treatment animals was 8.69%( P=0.232)greater than that of control pigs, and average daily feed intake (ADFI) was 6.84% (P=0.525) higher for treatment animals. The digestibilities of crude protein(CP) and gross energy(GE) were increased by 2.15% (P=0.430) and 2.22% (P=0.170) respectively , but that of ether extract(EE) was decreased by 2.74% (P=0.524) for treatment group. Treatment with MT increased logissimus muscle area (LMA) by 36.2% (P<0.05) , backfat depth by 13.6 (P<0.32) , rate of leaf fat (RLF)by 34.6% (P<0.053) and rate of slaughter by 3.04%. The water loss (WL) of pork was 13.13% (P<0.10) higher in treatment pigs compared with control pigs. The marbling score(MS) of treatment pigs was decreased by 11.1% (P<0.33) .The pH of pork was lower in treatment pigs. Active immunization against melatonin had no effect on pork color. Active immunization against melatonin increased the content of maleic dialdehyde(MDA) in pork by 10.05% (P<0.56) .In conclusion , active immunization against melatonin tended to improve ADG, ADFI,and the digestibilities of CP and GE. Logissimus muscle area and rate of leaf fat were significantly increased, backfat depth and rate of slaughter tended to be increased. Meanwhile, the WL and the content of MDA of pork tended to be increased.更多还原