【作者】 蔡宁；

【导师】 赵英凯；

【作者基本信息】 南京工业大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 管控一体化是流程工业的一个非常重要的发展方向,它包含的内容很多,优化生产过程管理、实施生产过程先进控制、建设企业ERP系统等都是其重要内容,但是这些应用都必须建立在企业实时信息集成的基础上,其中实时数据的采集和存取是其关键和技术难点之一,它也阻碍了一些企业管控一体化的发展步伐。与离散型企业相比较,流程工业的管控一体化有一些其自身的特点和内容,例如CIPS模型、实时数据的采集、实时数据库技术、数据校正、计算机通信技术等。DCS数据采集、存取和实时信息的综合应用是本文研究的重点。针对不同的计算机控制系统,实时数据采集与传输应采取不同的技术和方案,包括通信接口、计算机网络方面的硬件设计和通讯软件开发技术。在分析Honeywell TDC-3000 DCS、Fisher-Rosemount DeltaV DCS 结构的基础上,低成本地实现了数据采集和传输。研究了不同计算机操作系统、不同应用程序(进程)之间的实时数据存取问题,提出了海量过程测量数据的存储和基于C/S、B/S 两种模式下的实时数据库访问技术及一些程序设计思路和方法,例如Net DDE、OPC、SQL、API、ActiveX、ADO、JDBC 的编程和实时数据浏览系统的Web网页设计技巧。不同企业管控一体化建设的侧重点不同,本文讨论了一个比较完整的实时数据采集与存储、应用系统的实施方案,包括功能设计、系统设计、通讯接口设计;进一步研究了具有流程工业特点的生产过程实时数据应用问题,包括基于实时数据和神经网络的软测量系统和预测控制(仿真)技术研究、企业生产制造成本管理系统设计与开发技术等。以上研究成果,解决了管控一体化系统实时数据采集与存取的一些关键技术难点,并在此基础上研究了实时数据在企业生产管理和控制中的一些具体应用问题,这些技术和成果可在化工、冶金、石化、电力、橡胶、制药、食品、造纸等行业的管控一体化系统建设中推广应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The process CIMS or CIPS is an important developing direction in the process industries. It covers a lot of subjects such as process management optimization, advanced process control and ERP, but they must be implemented based on the real-information integration. In the procedure of building CIPS the real-time data acquisition and access are crucial steps, which hinder the development of CIPS in some enterprises. There are some different characteristics and contents in CIPS compared with CIMS used in discrete processing plants, such as CIMS architecture, real-time database, data rectification algorithm and computer communication. The research focuses on real-time data acquisition, storage, access, query and other comprehensive application technologies. The different technologies and solutions in building real-time data acquisition and transfer system are studied and communication interface and hardware design and software programming methods are discussed in detail. According to the structure of TDC-3000 DCS and DeltaV DCS, the means is brought forward separately that the real-time measuring data can be collected from DCS and transmitted to PC LAN with low cost. The real-time data exchange and access between different applications of different operating systems is studied and resolved by using DDE and OPC as well as the emphases are on real-time data storage and access technology based on C/S and B/S structure. Some programming techniques are discussed such as SQL, API, ActiveX, ADO, JDBC, etc. and Web design methods in real-time data query system. After the introduced engineering projects, some advanced solutions to real-time data application are given such as data acquisition system design from different DCS and WEB explorer system design in a large-scale chemical plant, several soft sensor systems and a predictive control simulation system based on neural network and real-time data, and a production cost management system used in a continuous processing plant. The technologies and solutions to information integration based on real-time data are studied in this paper,which can be widely used in the building of CIPS in many industries with continuous process characteristics such as chemical plants, petrochemical plants, metallurgy plants, power plants, rubber plants, pharmacy plants, and paper making plants.更多还原