X射线介入治疗输卵管阻塞症中的剂量学研究

【作者】 张为印；

【导师】 张一云；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 粒子物理与原子核物理， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 X射线介入治疗放射学就是在X射线影像引导下,采取各种检查手段和方法诊断和治疗疾病。由于直接暴露在x射线辐射场内,患者和医务人员受到较高剂量。输卵管阻塞的介入治疗,患者为育龄妇女,卵巢处于射野内,受照剂量高。而卵巢位于盆腔深部,没有办法对其受照剂量进行直接测量。所以测定术中医务人员和患者的受照剂量水平、确定一个能方便准确确定患者卵巢受照剂量的方法具有非常重要的意义。 鉴于以上情况,本文从阐述致电离辐射的原理和过程出发,研究了应用热释光剂量计测量患者体表和靶器官剂量以及医务人员受照剂量情况:用比释动能面积积分仪KAP测量了X光机出射窗处的比释动能面积积分值,计算了患者靶器官剂量;并应用蒙特卡罗程序模拟了不同体厚和射野照射情况下患者重要靶器官剂量沉积情况。通过以上研究工作,取得了以下成果: (1) 得到了输卵管阻塞介入治疗中,患者和医务人员的受照剂量水平; (2) 确定了照射条件(Kv,mA等)对患者剂量的影响; (3) 计算得到了医务人员受到的有效剂量当量: (4) 通过修正,得到了一种更为准确的计算患者靶器官剂量的方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 X-ray interventional radiology is a method to diagnose and treat patient follow the picture of X-ray. When x-ray through of the body of patient ,there will be a real time picture. With the picture , doctors can use many methods to check the patient. Because of being in the field of x-ray, patients and doctors have a high dose.The one whose Fallopian tube is stopped and need treatment is the woman who is in procreative age. There is a high dose in ovary and no effective method to measure it for ovary sit in the deep of the woman. So it is very important to find out the dose of ovary from the data that we can measure convenient.We used TLD to confirm where and how much the doses patient and doctor accepted are. And measured the kerma area product with special instrument KAP. We computed out the apparatus dose of patients, effective dose of doctors . we also simulated the X-ray’ s journey in tissues and the magnitude of energy the x-ray give to the tissues. We learned the magnitude of the dose patients and doctors accepted during the operation with our works. Also studied the connections between the dose and the condition of x-ray tube. With the results we got from simulating the operation with monte carlo methods, we corrected a compute formula. With the corrected formula we can compute the dose in ovary better.更多还原