【作者】 曹冬梅；

【导师】 贾??；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 国际贸易学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 先进技术是现代经济发展的发动机,如何以最低成本获取先进技术,促进我国经济的持续健康发展,这是我们目前最为密切关注的问题。20世纪80年代以来,国际资本流动日趋活跃,外国直接投资(FDI)成为主要的资本流动形式,也成为发展中国家获取技术外溢的重要渠道。本文首先阐述了FDI技术外溢的理论:新古典经济增长理论强调资本要素积累对经济增长的作用,认为FDI资本注入对东道国只能在短期内影响东道国的经济增长,不能改变长期总产出的增长率;内生增长理论则引入了知识、人力资本等内生技术变化因素,认为资本收益不变甚至递增,从而可以实现持续经济增长;新制度经济学理论认为制度是影响经济增长的内生要素,因此FDI对东道国技术外溢的效果需要有利的东道国制度的支持。论文全面、深入地研究了国内外技术外溢的有关文献资料。在对我国“以市场换技术”的FDI政策效果评定方面,本文认为外国直接投资对我国确实产生了技术外溢效应,但是这种效应表现出区域不平衡分布和产业不平衡分布特征—东部地区技术外溢明显多,广大中西部地区相对少,行业分布中制造业特别是劳动密集型制造业获取的外溢技术较多,高科技产业得到的外溢技术较少。本文进一步分析了技术外溢的实现途径、制约因素;并对在华外商直接投资的技术外溢现状进行具体分析。最后,笔者提出从提高我国自身的吸收能力方面(加大研发投入、深化产业联系、加强国内企业的产业集聚效应、创造更好的通讯、运输和金融基础设施等)着手,促进FDI对我国技术转让与技术外溢。更多还原

【Abstract】 Advanced technology is an engineer to growth and development in modem economy, so it is our top concern to procure advanced technology so as to promote sustainable and healthy development of our economy at the cheapest cost. International capital flow has been so robust since the 1980s that FDI becomes a major form of capital flow, and it becomes an important channel for developing host countries to get technology spillovers. This paper first briefly examines the origin of theories about technology spillovers. New Classic Growth Theory pays excessive attention to the importance of the capital factor to economy growth while Endogenous Growth Theory introduces endogenous technology factors such as human capital, knowledge, and argues that it is possible for developing host countries to achieve sustainable economic growth. New Institution Economics Theory thinks institutions are endogenous factors that can affect economic growth. Deeply and thoroughly the paper studies literature related to technology spillovers from FDI, and to our policy strategy "Procurement of Foreign Advanced Technology at the Cost of the Home Market", the paper argues that FDI does reveal some proprietary knowledge to our industries, but that this effect distributes unevenly among different industries and different economic areas: more in the eastern area in China and less in the central and western parts, and more in the labor-intensive manufactures such as textile, processing, retailing and less in the technology-intensive industries such as mobile industry. Further the paper analyzes channels achieving technology spillovers from FDI, effective factors which restrict the absorptive capacity. Finally the paper puts foreword some countermeasures to increase our own absorptive capacity to technology spillovers from FDI such as to invest more in R&D, to deepen industry relations, to reinforce industry accumulation effect on our industries and to develop better frustration in communication, transport in order to achieve more technology spillovers from FDI.更多还原