【作者】 刘生杰；

【导师】 李建英；

【作者基本信息】 山西大学 ， 体育教育训练学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 跳远技术的关键是起跳技术,它是通过起跳腿的缓冲与蹬伸和摆动腿的摆动积极配合以有效完成,动作技术比较复杂。因此,跳远起跳技术是由起跳腿的“缓冲与蹬伸”和摆动腿的“蹬、摆”等两个技术构成,二者缺一不可。特别是作为跳远起跳动作的重要技术构成之一的摆动腿摆动技术对整个起跳起着重要的作用。据有关研究表明:“摆动腿的摆动力量约占整个起跳力量的60%—70%”。而且“摆动腿摆动的速度大,能相应增大起跳力量,提高起跳效果”。由此可见,提高跳远运动员在起跳过程中摆动腿的摆动技术也是提高跳远成绩的有效途径之一。为此,本文通过对我国优秀男子跳远运动员在起跳过程中摆动腿技术有关的运动学参数进行定性、定量分析研究,探讨我国优秀男子跳远运动员起跳中摆动腿技术的运动学特征,旨在研究分析中找到解决跳远技术教学和技术训练的突破口,为实现我国男子跳远运动员起跳技术的最佳化组合提供理论参考。 本研究选择参加2004年5月20日在石家庄举行的全国锦标赛暨奥运会选拔赛男子跳远决赛的前8名运动员为对象,采用文献资料调查法、调查访问法、影片拍摄法、图像解析法和数理统计法对所研究对象的起跳技术进行解析和分析,研究结果表明: 1 我国优秀男子跳远运动员起跳过程中缓冲阶段摆动腿的摆动角速度达到704.378.±78.563°/s,这是影响起跳垂直分速度、腾起初速度和跳远成绩的重要因素。 2 着板缓冲阶段摆动腿的摆动速度和两大腿的夹角变化对缓冲阶段重心垂直速度的增加和重心位置的升高有直接影响。 3 起跳蹬伸阶段摆动腿的摆动制动加速度直接影响起跳离地瞬间起跳更多还原

【Abstract】 Take-off is the key technique in long jump. Take-off must been effectively finished through the active cooperation between the cushion, ’pedaling and stretching’ of the take-off leg and swing of the leg, so it is a complex technique. The take-off system consists of the cushion, ’pedaling and stretching’ of the take-off leg and swing of the leg, especially the swing technique. The swing technique plays an important pole in this course. According to some concerned researches show that the swing power is approximately 60-70% in all take-off power. With the swing velocity being bigger, you may increase the take-off power and improve the take-off effect. From all above these, swing technique is one of the effective ways in long jump. The article explores the kinematic characters of swing technique from the elite men long jumpers through the qualitative and quantitative analysis. This research will find the breakthrough between the teaching and training in long jump in order to actualize the optimal compounding of take-off technique. This will provide a theoretic reference to the men long jumpers in our country.The article selects the top eight as objects in National championship or Olympic trial men long jump finals hold in Shijiazhuang on May 20, 2004. It applies literature review, investigation and visit method, film screen method, image analysis and mathematical statistics method. The results show that:1. The angle velocity of the swing arrive at 7.4.378 + 78.563° /s in cushion. It is a vital factor between the branch of vertical velocity, the initial velocity of flight and achievement in long jump.2. The swing velocity and vary of angle between the two thigh directly更多还原