【作者】 高晓红；

【导师】 刘万崧；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 地球探测与信息技术， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 地震是危害性最大的潜在自然灾害之一,要实现科学的震害管理和预防需要制定一套适宜的防震减灾信息系统。地理信息系统是一种具有数据的获取、管理、分析和决策等综合功能在内的空间信息系统[1]。利用它来管理城市震害信息,可以实现地震灾害的预测和分析,是减轻地震灾害的一种有效途径。本文以吉林省长春市为研究区,所获资料由长春市地震局提供。文章的整体思路:首先在分析了国内外防震减灾信息管理现状的基础上,讨论了基于地理信息系统来建设城市防震减灾信息系统的必要性;然后从软件工程思想出发,结合研究区资料情况及自身技术水平进行了可行性分析;再针对目前城市防震减灾信息系统的现状与不足,对系统进行总体设计;最后详细研究了确定性地震危险性分析及建筑物震害分析的一般步骤及其在地理信息系统下的实现方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 In each kind of natural disaster, seismic disaster is one of the most serious disaster that causes harm for human society, especially along with the fast development of socioeconomy, acceleration of citify process and expansion of population, one time destructive seismic to occur the damage for city with influence will be more and more serious. To alleviate city seismic disaster, to decrease the losing of seismic, and to go on seismic prevention and disaster mitigation work sciencely and efficiently as well as to guide city to develop program, modern technical means for managing urban seismic prevention and disaster mitigation information is needed. It is traditional way to stock map information with paper, and to record data information with report forms etc., that will make woking process fussy, efficiency low and accuracy low. And gradually development management technology based on GIS seismic prevention and disaster mitigation information have overallness difference, function faultiness, lack of professional model, farness of professional model and GIS function combination etc. Therefore besides seeing the convenience that GIS technology brings in seismic field to us, we will still explore its application protential continuously in harmful working field, and seek more effective seismic prevention and disaster mitigation way. GIS technology is a kind of developing high-tech tool in recent years along with the high speed development of computer technology. It has powerful space analysis ability, can give user accurate data and text with graphy. Therefore it has been applied to the seismic field related GIS. Based on the analysis and summarization forefather’s research accomplishment whti GIS technology in this field, in this paper we discover lack, foster strengths and circumvent weaknesses, and design and develop a set of GIS-based urban seismic prevention and disaster mitigation information system, aiming at developing the GIS technical advantage in seismic field fully, overall reflect the demand of harmful work, offer strong basis to government and related department in seismic before earthquake, earthquake, after earthquake, and offer corresponding supplementary information for the related professions such as urban planning, and satisfy the needs of different field. Entire system is guided with the thought of software projection in design, development and the course of implementing. Firstly, we carried out the analysis of data source, techic, economic and social benefit, market and policy according to existence condition for systematic development. Then we carried out overall design of system according to the present situation and lack of urban seismic prevention and disaster mitigation information system that included the systematic overall structure, database, systematic function and model design, systematic interface design etc. Finally, as far as time and technology was concerned, we placed emphasis on detailed design and realization of analyse for definite seismic dangerousness and building harm. In the course of exploiting, it was important to exploit the function of analyse for definite seismic dangerousness and building harm. The realization of them was mainly concerned with the way of describing of dangerousness analysis, the course of definite dangerousness analysis, the model of seismic intensity attenuation, the generation model of isoseismal, the analytic model of building harm, harmfull analysis for building with GIS etc. In which the model and algorithm of seismic special field is the method of directly quoting from forefather’s summary in this field that has ripened fairly. And our task was to how to combine these professional model and GIS technology, and then how to carry out the analysis deeply with GIS and gain the result we needed. Via analysis and comparison, we chose the MapObjects assembly type technology of ESRI company, and completed all functions of this system in video and compositive development enviroment. This kind of way of realizing could offer graph operation interface to user, could realize graphic express of resource, could operate, manage and editor various resource properties with graph. That was to say, the income was seen, and study and using is easy. For the realization of crucial function, we mainly adopted drawing polygon and intersection of graphic object function of MapObjects, and completed drawing isoseismal and overlay analysis for building harm respectively. Specifically, the major accomplishment of this system included some following aspects: (1) The basic handling of space geography information This system can manage wantonly much picture layer, such as administrative partition, river, road and building distribution etc.; User can be free to add and delete picture layer, and can control show of picture layer; Can build and save picture layer; Can enlarge, reduce and move picture layer; Can print and export graph and file; Can select graph essential factor with various way, seek graph essential factor with various conditions, and distinguish the property value of graph essential factor; Can select fond symbol style to draw graph; Can realize statistical更多还原