【作者】 刘学君；

【导师】 于荣金；

【作者基本信息】 燕山大学 ， 电路与系统， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 随着科技和经济的发展,高分子聚合物在各个领域得到了十分广泛的应用,同时也对聚合物的产品质量和生产过程自动化提出了更高的要求。目前聚合物生产中的聚合反应主要是在间歇式反应釜中进行,约占总聚合装置的 90%。在生产中影响聚合反应的参数(如温度、压力、流量、速度等),最重要的是反应器的温度控制,其控制品质直接影响产品质量和产量。聚合反应过程既是化学反应过程,又是物理变化过程,聚合机理复杂。聚合反应过程具有非线性、时变、有噪声干扰、有纯滞后等特点,对这类工业过程建立精确的数学模型是非常困难的,所以经典 PID 控制理论难以在聚合反应釜温度控制上取得好的控制效果。 本文主要是研究反应釜温度控制系统。比较全面的分析了反应釜温度变化的特点以及控制难点,总结当前温度控制系统精度差的根本原因。在此基础上,提出了改进 Smith 预估算法--积分分离分段式抗饱和 PID 位置控制算法,降低了超调量,大幅减小了静态误差,较好的解决了反应釜温度控制的难题。 课题完成了控制系统的硬件电路、系统软件的设计与调试,进行了控制算法的编辑、整定和调试,并进行了实验室实际运行。经验证,本控制系统工作稳定,可靠性高,控制算法不需要被控对象的精确数学模型,适应性好,工程操作性高,鲁棒性强,具有非常好的控制效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of science and technology and economics, the molecular polymer is of great use for every field. At the same time, high need for to fulfil higher production quality requirements and automatization of polymerization process. At present, the polymerization of polymer is largely by batch chemical reactor, account for 90%. Of all the parameters(such as temperature, pressure, flux, speed) of to have influence on the polymerization in production run, temperature is the most important parameter, deciding on the quality and output rate. The process of polymerization is both the chemiscal reaction process and the physical change process, the mechanism of polymerization is very complex. The process of polymerization have much to characteristics such as noninear, time-varying, noise and delay . And it is very difficult to establish the accurate mathematical model of the object. It is also very difficult to control the temperature of the industry process using the classical PID control theory. This dissertation is devoted to controlling the temperature of reactors. The temperature variational characteristics and controlling difficulty of reactors have been analyzed comprehensively. Then we summarize why currently controller can not accurate control temperature. With the result that the improved Smith predictor algorithm-integral separated subsection antisaturation position-type PID algorithm are put forward in this paper, and this design reduces overshoot, greatly decreases static error and settles up the problem of reactors temperature control. The design and debugging of the hardware circuit and the whole software, as well as the editing, the tuning and the debugging of the control algorithm are achieved. And the experiments is used to substantiate the efficiency of this control-system. The experiments show that the control system operates steadily and have high functional reliability, and that the algorithm not need the accurate mathematical model of the object and have good flexibility, operational capability and high robustness. The control effect is favorable.更多还原