【作者】 李树枫；

【导师】 蒋秀根； 李天科；

【作者基本信息】 中国农业大学 ， 农业工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 我国的8.6万余座水库大坝,90%以上为土石坝,由于设计、施工和管理等多方面的原因,许多大坝都程度不同的存在裂缝、渗漏、滑坡、护坡破坏、动物破坏(洞穴)等隐患,成为病库险库,严重影响水库正常运行、效益的发挥并对下游人民群众的生命财产构成重大威胁。准确、及时地评价土石坝的隐患和病害,及时采取处理和加固措施,是当前水利工程管理中亟待解决的一项重要课题。本文在调查分析的基础上,依据土石坝检查监测资料和近年来土石坝加固处理的理论和成果,应用科学的分析方法,主要研究了以下内容: (1)综合分析了我国土石坝发展概况及运行现状,总结出土石坝主要病害是裂缝、渗漏、滑坡、护坡破坏和动物破坏,分析了土石坝老化病害评价研究的目的和意义以及国内外研究现状。 (2)研究分析了土石坝老化病害的类型和成因,分别探讨了土石坝裂缝、渗漏、滑坡、护坡破坏、动物破坏特征及产生的原因,为土石坝病害检查和判断提供了基础。 (3)研究提出了土石坝裂缝、渗漏、滑坡、护坡破坏、动物破坏的观测检查的内容及其方法,提出了危险性病害的判断方法,为土石坝病害评价提供了依据。 (4)依据检测、设计资料和有关规范,分别建立了土石坝裂缝、渗漏、滑坡和护坡破坏的评价指标,研究提出了应用多因素分析法对土石坝老化病害进行量化综合评价分级方法,并应用具体事例验证了指标体系和评价方法的正确性,同时介绍了本指标体系和评价方法在土石坝评价中的应用。 (5)提出了土石坝老化病害预防与处理措施。 本文提出的土石坝病害评价指标体系和量化综合评价分级方法是科学可行的,为准确地评价土石坝老化程度,及时采取相应的预防、维修、加固、改造措施提供了科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 There are about 8,6000 reservoirs in China and more than 90 percent of them adopt earth-rock dam as a breakwater structure. Because of the influences of design, construction and management, most of the earth-rock dams are of different damages such as crack, leakage, coast etc, and become ill health. The existence of damage in earth-rock dam influences the normal run of reservoirs and threatens the safety of people’s lives and properties. Due to the facts above, the damage detection and quantitative evaluation of earth-rock dam becomes an important task for timely maintaining and reinforcing the damaged dams in order to avoid collapse. Based on full investigation of present dam damages and adaptation of new theories and new methods, novel evaluation system and damage detection method are studied. The main contributions of this paper are as follows:1) Our country ground dam development general situation and circulate the present condition, the aging disease in dam in ground harms the degree the evaluation the investigative purpose with meaning, and the aging disease in dam in ground harms the reason with manage the domestic and internationalresearch present condition.2 ) The formation cause, evolution mechanism, type and feature of earth-rock dam aging damage are thoroughly investigated.3 ) Detection methods for crack, leakage, coast and so on are proposed.4) An evaluation system of aging damage is constructed, which uses a new approach named as multi-factor analysis to effectively carry out quantitative evaluation and classification of earth-rock dam damage.5 ) Measures of preventing and repairing aging damage are presented.On the basis of the analysis results of the evaluation system, the foundational data are provided, which are used to judge the degree of aging damage and furthermore to determine the reasonable measures used for preventing aging damage and maintaining, reinforcing or reconstructing dam. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method in this paper are verified in the practical engineering application.更多还原