【作者】 谢晓慧；

【导师】 姚春丽； 杨敏；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 林产化工， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 垃圾填埋场产生的垃圾渗滤液是一种含高浓度氨氮和难降解有机物、成分非常复杂的废水,该类废水的有效处理是目前国内外环境工程领域的难点之一。在渗滤液的处理过程中,有机物和氨氮是国家排放标准规定的两个主要去除目标,它决定了渗滤液处理工艺的建设成本和运行费用。针对垃圾渗滤液中高浓度氨氮与难降解有机物,本论文分别探讨了膜生物反应器（MBR）对氨氮和有机物的去除,研究了添加粉末活性炭对膜生物反应器处理性能的影响;进一步探讨了Fenton试剂对膜生物反应器工艺出水中难降解有机物的处理效果。 本研究主要内容如下: 1) 当进水pH=8.7-9.3,膜生物反应器的硝化过程均停留在亚硝化阶段;当进水pH=7.6-8.2时,MBR1（添加粉末活性炭）中亚硝酸盐氧化菌迅速恢复活性并大量繁殖,最终将氨氮完全转化为NO₃^-;而MBR2（没有添加粉末活性炭）仍然停留在亚硝化阶段。采用吹脱预处理可以减轻膜生物反应器的负荷,但是吹脱后中和所产生的SO₄^2-含量过高导致膜生物反应器硝化性能降低。 2) 膜生物反应器充分发挥了膜截流作用,对难降解有机物的去除率超过10%;当添加粉末活性炭后,系统对难降解有机物的去除效率进一步提高3%左右,但同时膜表面形成较为致密的过滤层,使得代谢产物累积量增加。 2) Fenton试剂作为终端深度处理技术用于膜生物反应器出水（主要COD成分为难降解有机物）的处理,在H₂O₂150mg/L、FeSO₄550mg/L、氧化pH3、混凝pH4.5条件下,难降解有机物和色度的去除率分别为78%和98%,使渗滤液COD从800mg/L降低到200mg/L以下,色度从1500度降低到30度。Fenton试剂主要发挥了混凝作用,能够有效地去除大分子可溶性腐殖质。 本研究针对垃圾渗滤液处理中高浓度氨氮和难降解有机物的去除这两大关键问题开展系统研究,取得了一定的创新性成果。今后需要通过系统集成形成一套经济有效的垃圾渗滤液处理工艺。更多还原

【Abstract】 AbstractiMunicipal landfill leachate is a big treatment question as a complicated wastewater of high ammonia and refractory organics. Organics and ammonia are the main removal pollutants which decide the construction and operation cost. For their removal, the membrane bioreactor （MBR） was studied on the role of powdered activated carbon （PAC） added in MBR. Moreover, the Fenton reagent was used for the removal of refractory organics to treat the effluent from the MBR.The main research achievements are summed up as follows:1. At pH 8.7-9.3 in influent, the MBRs （PAC added or not） still remained on the stage of ammonia oxidation with nitrite accumulation. With pH decreased to 7.6-8.2, the nitrite was completely oxidized to nitrate in the MBRl （PAC added） while the MBR2 （PAC not added） still remained with nitrite accumulation. Though air stripping as pretreatment reduced the nitrification loading, higher concentration of SO42" for pH adjustment resulted in nitrification decrease of MBR2 and MBRl was affected less.2. The MBR can efficiently intercept microorganisms and refractory organics and more than 10% of refractory organics were removed. With PAC added, the refractory organics removal increased about 3% in MBRl, but metabolic products accumulation occurred more.3. Fenton reagent was used to treat the effluent from the MBR. With an H₂O₂ dosage of 150mg/L, an FeSO₄ dosage of 550mg/L, oxidation pH of 3 and coagulation pH of 3.8, more than 78% refractory organics was removed and 98% chroma was done. COD in the effluent from MBR decreased from 800mg/L to lower than 200mg/L, and chroma did from 1500 down to 30. Coagulation was the main role of Fenton reaction and removed the bigger molecular humics efficiently.Focus on the two key treatment difficulties of high ammonia and refractor organics, systematic research was done and a certain creation was obtained. In the future work, a systematic process needs to be combined with both high economy and high efficiency.更多还原