【作者】 邵学强；

【导师】 李光炽； 丁伯良；

【作者基本信息】 河海大学 ， 水利工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 中国是一个水旱灾害频发的国家,水利在国民经济中具有重要的位置,水利的兴衰直接影响到国家的稳定和人民的生活。在科学技术发展日新月异的今天,水利也应跟上现代化的要求。科学治水需要有科学的工具。水力学模型是平原区洪水演进、流域防洪调度、兴利除害、技术治水、科学管水合理利用的重要工具。本文结合流域情况,首先提出了采用变动权重新安江三水源模型计算流域面平均雨量,可以减少由于降雨的不均匀性、暴雨中心位置不同而引起由固定权重法计算的面平均雨量失真,再针对水文学模型难以预报平原区水位过程,提出了应用水力学洪水演进模型。通过水文学与水力学模型的耦合,可以较好地考虑回水的影响预报出水位。 针对潮汐的传播和涨、落潮不同的水力特性,本文对Saint-Venant方程组差分求解,将曼宁系数分解为涨潮系数和和落潮系数进行率定,准确地计算出逐时段河道各断面的水位和流量。将所建立的水力学模型应用于平原区水资源供需平衡分析及宁波三江口河口潮流量推算,结果表明,模拟过程与实测过程吻合良好,本文建立的模型是实用的,逐步完善可以更广泛地在生产中应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 China is a country in which drought and flood has often happened. Water conservancy is playing important role in national economy. The development of water conservancy has a direct influence on the stability of nation and the level of people’s life. Today, age of science and technology change with each passing day, development of water conservancy must fit for the demand of modernization. Science of water control required a tool of science. Hydrodynamic model is important tools of river flood routing and flood control, promote the beneficial and abolish the harmful, technically water control and scientific water manage. Based on the characteristics of drainage basin, the variable weighted method has been integrated into Xin’anjiang Model to calculate the areal rainfall, the distortion is reduced for asymmetry of rainfall and the different center of rainstorm. Because of the difficulty for forecasting water level in plain basin using hydrology method, a hydrodynamic model is brought forward. It can be preferable consider the influence of backwater to forecast water level in plain basin by coupling hydrodynamic model and hydrology model.According to different hydraulic characteristic of flood and ebb tide, Manning Coefficient is calibrated separately to calculate water level and discharge at each section on successive periods by applying the Saint-Venant equations with differential method. The model is applied to analyse the demand and supply of water resources in plain and simulate the tidal-discharge in Ningbo City. The results show that the calculated discharges are closed to the observed values, this model is practicable and it can widely used in yield by improving.更多还原