【作者】 修健；

【导师】 张秋民；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 化学工艺， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 油页岩是一种固体可燃矿产,由矿物质和有机质组成,热解(干馏)可以得到碳氢比类似天然石油的页岩油,是一种比较理想的石油替代品。我国油页岩资源丰富,保守预测储量约为4000亿吨,在我国已探明的油页岩资源中占多数的低含油率油页岩(含油率<6%)没有得到有效利用,主要原因是它在热解过程中无法实现能量的自给自足。 本文首次采用了低含油率油页岩中加入煤和废旧高分子材料的共热解的方法研究其共热解的规律。 在自制的热解装置中进行了抚顺低含油率油页岩和少量煤及少量废旧高分子材料的共热解实验,同时,还进行了相关的热重分析热解动力学分析以及油品族组成分析进行论证。实验结果表明:低含油率油页岩热解获得较高产油率的较佳反应条件是热解恒温温度520℃、热解恒温时间是20min、载气流量0.3slm;在共热解过程中油页岩和煤发生了协同作用,出现了增油减水的现象并且产油率明显增高;低含油率油页岩和废旧高分子材料共热解在产油率上未发现协同作用,但是后者为前者补充了热解能量,前者成为后者的热载体,同时也为废旧高分子材料经济的制油提供了一个有效的方法;低含油率油页岩和煤的热解进程基本接近同步,在热解动力学方面也具有相似性,具备了发生协同作用的条件;油页岩与煤共热解产生的热解油族组成变化不大,油页岩与废旧高分子材料热解的脂肪族含量明显增大改善了页岩油的品质。因此,低含油率油页岩和煤及废旧高分子材料共热解能够实现低含油率油页岩热解制油的目的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Oil shale is a combustible solid mineral resource. It is composed of mineral and organic matter, after pyrolysis can get shale oil in which ratio of H and C is as much as crude oil, which is an ideal substitute of oil. There is abundant oil shale in China. As the conservative forecast there are 400 billion tons of reserves. Now, low oil content (below 6%) oil shale which is in the majority in our country hasn’t been made good use of. The main reason is that during the pyrolysis it can not realize the self-sufficiency of heat.The rules of co-pyrolysis are studied with a new method originally----combining low oil content oil shale with coal and waste polymer material respectively.Co-pyrolysis experiment is carried out with Fushun low oil content oil shale and a few coal/waste polymer materials in a set of self-made pyrolysis equipments. The result is demonstrated that through thermo-gravimetric analysis, pyrolysis kinetics analysis and oil production composition analysis. The result shows that, through pyrolysis, the oil production of low oil content oil shale is the highest when the flux of carrier gas is 0.3slm at a constant temperature of 520℃ for 20 min; during the co-pyrolysis, synergetic effect between oil and coal occur, oil increasing, water reducing and oil production increase obviously; It is found that the synergetic effect on oil production of low oil content oil shale and waste polymer material never occur. But the latter make up the heat for the former, and the former can be the heat carrier of the latter, which provide an effective economical method for waste polymer material to make oil. The pyrolysis of low oil content oil shale and coal occur almost synchronously, which is similar on pyrolysis kinetics, so the synergetic effect can occur. The composition of oil after co-pyrolysis between oil shale and coal doesn’t change much, but the acyclic content after co-pyrolysis between oil shale and waste polymer material increase obviously, improving the quality of oil shale. Therefore, co-pyrolysis of low oil content oil shale and coal/ waste polymer material can realize the purpose of making oil during pyrolysis of low oil content oil shale.更多还原