【作者】 高明军；

【导师】 林聪；

【作者基本信息】 中国农业大学 ， 农业生物环境与能源工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 秸秆的生物转化是秸秆资源开发利用的重要途径,秸秆纤维素和半纤维素的高效降解是实施该转化的关键。本文以玉米秸秆的生物转化为出发点,对秸秆的生物转化过程中相关指标的变化、处理流程、菌种组合、反应条件等作了初步探讨。 微生物对玉米秸秆的降解性能差异较大。在单一菌种的作用下,绿色木霉(Trichoderma viride)TR-1、纤维单胞菌(Cellulomonas cartae)CB-3和康宁木霉(Trichoderma koningii)TK-2对玉米秸秆的降解能力较强。 处理流程对秸秆的生物转化有显著的影响。采用二相生物转化法降解玉米秸秆可以有效控制反应体系中的某些秸秆降解产物(如:还原糖)的浓度,以消除其对秸秆的纤维素酶活的反馈抑制作用,促进秸秆的生物转化。 多菌种组合对玉米秸秆的转化性能优于单一菌种。秸秆纤维素及半纤维素成分的降解是在多种酶协同作用下完成的。不同菌种产生的降解酶的种类及酶活差异较大,多菌种组合可以弥补单一菌种在该方面的不足,增强转化秸秆能力。实验结果表明:绿色木霉(Trichoderma viride)TR-1、纤维单胞菌(Cellulomonas cartae)CB-3和酒精酵母SC-6的菌种组合对秸秆降解效果较好。 通过正交实验,优化了玉米秸秆的生物转化条件。当采用TR-1、CB-3、S218菌种组合,反应时间为10d,温度为30℃,接种量为0.12ml/g时,取得了较好的秸秆生物转化效果,使秸秆纤维素及半纤维素的降解率达到70%以上。更多还原

【Abstract】 The biotransformation of cornstalk is an important way of exploiting and utilizing cornstalk resource. The efficient degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose is pivotal tache of the translation. The thesis discusses the change during stalk translation, disposal flow, microorganism genus, reaction conditions basis on research the biotransformation of cornstalk.There is different capability of degradation cornstalk among microorganisms. These microorganisms show stronger degradation capability than else when single microorganism translates stalk. The microorganisms are Trichoderma TR-1, Cellulomonas cartae CB-3 and Trichoderma koningii TK-2.It is distinct effect that dissimilar disposal flows biotransformation degrades stalk. It is effectual control for the concentration of some degradation productions (e.g. deoxidize sugar) in reaction system that two-phase biotransformation is adopted to degrade cornstalk. So feedback inhibition for enzyme active of cellulose and hemicellulose are cancelled that cornstalk biotransformation is accelerated.Cornstalk degradation is strengthened by microorganisms group than by single one. The degradation of stalk cellulose and hemicellulose are completed by a great variety of enzymes. There are major variances among degradation enzyme sorts and active those are secreted different microorganisms. Microorganisms group which are made up different sorts microbes just fill up the fault of single microorganism and enhance capability of degrading stalk. Study shows that gains preferable degradation result by microorganism group that is made up of Trichoderma TR-1, Cellulomonas cartae CB-3 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae SC-6.Orthogonalization experiments are adopted to optimize conditions of cornstalk biotransformation. The research indicates that preferable result of stalk degradation is procured and degradation-rate of cornstalk cellulose and hemicellulose are got up to 70% at least, when the conditions are microorganisms group by TR-1 and CB-3 and SC-6,10 d of reaction time, 30℃ of reaction temperature, and 0.12 ml/g of inoculums size.更多还原