【作者】 许抒；

【导师】 朱珍德；

【作者基本信息】 河海大学 ， 岩土工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 断层破碎带所造成的工程灾害是个极为复杂且具有重大经济意义的课题，如何才能安全有效的在这类地质环境中进行工程建设并保证其稳定性，一直是广大岩土力学和工程地质工作者所必须面对的难题。断层破碎带的缓慢蠕动将引起地面的拉张变形或不均匀沉降，对地面建筑物产生巨大的破坏作用。断裂带的活动性对城市市区的区域稳定性及地面变形问题具有重要影响。 本文在广泛查阅、研究国内外及当地有关资料的基础之上，以深圳罗湖建成区断裂带岩土体为研究对象，通过对现场实际监测资料总结分析，并结合室内常规单轴、三轴压缩试验、单轴流变试验及有限元数值计算模拟方法对断裂带岩土体变形特性进行了系统研究。依据各项研究分析结果评价了罗湖建成区断裂带岩土体的稳定性，并按其稳定程度对罗湖地区进行了区域划分。 试验研究及计算分析表明，岩石在单轴受压达到强度极限后，并未完全丧失承载力，而在一定阶段内仍可继续承载；三轴受压时，随着围压的增加，岩石的峰值强度和残余强度均有所增加，峰后山脆性变形向延性变形逐渐转化，同时水对岩石强度会产生弱化作用；岩质材料的岩性越软弱，其流变特性也就愈显著，且岩石在较高应力水平下的流变性能比较明显；断裂位移测量与流变有限元数值模拟都证实了罗湖断裂带的活动性，但是活动性甚微，还不足以引发大面积的地质灾害；罗湖全区可划分为稳定、较稳定及基本稳定三级四个主区及第四分区的三个亚区，从分区图中可清晰的判别断裂带不同区域的稳定程度，这对罗湖地区今后的建筑设计和城市规划具有重要的指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Research on the engineering disaster caused by faultage fracture zones is of great economic significance and also a complicated subject. How to complete constructions safely, economically and effectively in such geological circumstance is always a challenge to many experts in rock mechanics and engineering geology. Ground tensile deformation and asymmetry settlement caused by the creep of fault zones will bring a tremendous damage to the buildings on the surface. The movement of the faultage fracture zones will also influence the local stability of a city and the ground deformation.After consulting a great amount of domestic and foreign related datum, mainly taking Shenzhen Luohu fracture zones for research object, some systemic research have been done by means of analysis on locale monitoring datum analysis, laboratory routine rheopectic testing and the finite element numerical method. Luohu Jiancheng district is compartmentalized based on evaluations of the stability of rock fault zones in it with the analysis results.The experimental and analytical results show that rocks do not lose the load-carrying capability completely after reaching the peak of strength under uniaxial compression, and can still work. Under triaxial compression, the peak and remained strength of rocks both increase with the confining pressure. After the stress peak the brittle deformation disappears and the plastic deformation occurs, in the meantime water can weaken the strength of rocks; the time-dependent behavior (creep) of rocks is distinct in the region of high stress and when the rock material is soft. The measure of fracture displacements and the numerical simulation of the FEM indicate the possibility of movement of Luohu fracture zones, however, the lever of the movement in the region is relatively low, and will not cause great geological disaster. Luohu district can be divided into stable, relatively stable and basically stable region which include four primary and three secondary ones. The stability lever of different regions can be distinguished easily from the geological division map, which is of great significance to the future construction design and city planning in Luohu district.更多还原