【作者】 潘一；

【导师】 李航星；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 财政学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 党的十四大明确指出，要建设有中国特色的社会主义市场经济体制。在建设有中国特色社会主义市场经济的同时，就要求我国政府转变职能，按照市场经济的要求，让市场处于资源配置的主体地位，逐步建设成有中国特色的社会主义公共财政。 在市场经济下的公共财政中，政府应该明晰责任，有所作为。在公共财政条件下，“公共性”的大小应该是确定政府责任范围的基本标准。本文认为，由于我国是社会主义发展中国家，我国的公共财政必然有其独特性，我国公共财政的职能范围要根据我国的具体国情来确定。我国现在仍然处在计划经济向市场经济转型的阶段，政府职能也应该按照市场经济的要求有所转变。农村医疗卫生保障是当前我们面对的一个重要问题。这个问题不解决好将严重影响到国家的安全和长远发展。政府在重视这些问题的同时，必须认真分析具体问题的具体性质，明确政府责任，在市场经济条件下发挥政府与市场的最大效率。 本文认为，我国的农村医疗卫生保障其实由农村卫生防疫和农村医疗两个有着明显区别同时有着千丝万缕联系的部分组成。农村卫生防疫具有很大的“公共性”，而且是全国卫生防疫不可缺少的一部分。农村医疗与之相比“公共性”明显较弱。只有我们认识到它们的性质不同，才能确定合理的解决办法，发挥公共财政条件下政府应有的作用。从农村卫生防疫与农村医疗的各自独特性质并结合我国实际情况可以看出，政府在这两项事物中负有不同的责任。本文认为农村卫生防疫应该由公共财政保障解决。而农村医疗则需要政府的必要引导，农民个人和社会各方面都要有所投入，同时选择适合中国国情的形式来解决。本文认为以新型合作医疗为基础，加上大病保险，并以市场供给为补充是解决我国当前农村医疗保障问题比较合适的形式。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Fourteenth Party Congress has pointed out clearly that we shall build a socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics. While building the socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics, we shall transform the government function and let the market play a major role in the resources collocation according to the requirement of the market economy, thus build the socialist public finance with Chinese characteristics step by step.Government shall be clear of its responsibility and has some actual function in the public finance under the market economy. The degree of the "publicness" shall be the basic standard for defining the scope of government obligation under public finance conditions. The essay deems that our public finance must have its distinctiveness since China is a socialist developing country, and the function scope of our public finance shall be determined according to the specific condition of our country.At present, our country is still in the stage of transforming from the planned economy to market economy. Government function shall be partly transformed according to the requirement of the market economy.Medical and sanitation security in rural areas is a key problem we are facing now. The mistreatment of the problem will severely influence the stability and long-term development of the nation. While attaching great importance to those problems, government shall analyze carefully the quality of various problems, defmitude government obligations and exert the maximum efficiency of government and market play under the market economy.The essay considers that our medical and sanitation security is actually made up of two parts: rural sanitation and epidemic prevention and rural medical treatment, which are distinct from each other while connected to each other in various ways.Rural sanitation and epidemic prevention is largely public and is an indispensable part of the national sanitation and epidemic prevention. Compared with it, rural medical treatment is less public. Only after we realize their differences in character, can we find a reasonable solution and give due play of the government under public finance. From the unique qualities of the rural sanitation and epidemic prevention, and rural medical treatment, along with the actual condition of our country, we can see that government has different responsibility with regard to the two aspects. The essay deems that rural sanitation and epidemic prevention shall be solved by public finance security. Farmers and the society shall make come contribution to it as well. In the mean time, it shall be solved through choosing the way that suits the situation of our country. The author thinks that taking the new cooperative medical treatment as the basis, plus serious disease insurance, and taking the market supply as the supplement are the proper pattern to solve the present medical security problem in rural areas.更多还原