【作者】 曹香林；

【导师】 郑中朝； 张力；

【作者基本信息】 甘肃农业大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本试验旨在研究喹胺醇对肉鸡生产性能、蛋白代谢的影响以及如何降低鸡体内喹胺醇的残留。喹胺醇对肉鸡生产性能影响分为2个试验。试验1，不同喹噁啉-1，4-二氧化物类抗菌促生长剂对肉鸡的影响。该试验将320只肉鸡随机分为四组，Ⅰ组未添加任何抗生素，Ⅱ组添加50ppm喹乙醇，Ⅲ组添加50ppm喹胺醇，Ⅳ组添加50ppm喹烯酮。饲喂分0-3周龄、4-6周龄两个阶段，每周进行称重，并统计采食量，21日龄进行屠宰实验，测定试鸡血浆中总蛋白、白蛋白以及肌肉中RNA、DNA的含量。实验结果表明：（1）喹胺醇和喹烯酮组的日增重、采食量和饲料转化率都显著高于对照组和喹乙醇组，而喹乙醇组显著低于对照组；（2）喹胺醇和喹烯酮组血浆总蛋白和白蛋白与空白组差异不显著，喹乙醇组总蛋白和白蛋白显著低于空白组。（3）喹胺醇和喹烯酮组肌肉中RNA、RNA/DNA与 对照组比差异显著， DNA差异不显著。试验2，不同剂量喹胺醇对安卡红羽肉鸡生产性能的影响。各组添加水平分别是0、50ppm、75ppm和100ppm。饲喂分0-3周龄、4-6周龄、7-8周龄三个阶段，每周称重，记录采食量；分别于21、42、56日龄进行屠宰试验，测定试鸡血浆中总蛋白、白蛋白，小肠的长度、重量以及肌肉中RNA、DNA的含量；于28日龄时进行消化代谢实验。实验结果表明：（1）添加50ppm和75ppm组的日增重、采食量和饲料转化率均显著高于对照组；（2）喹胺醇组和未添加组的血浆总蛋白和白蛋白差异不显著；（3）添加喹胺醇50ppm和75ppm的食入蛋白/只日、排泄蛋白/只日和粗蛋白的表观利用率都显著高于对照组和100ppm组；（4）添加喹胺醇50ppm和75ppm组的小肠重量和小肠体重比，较对照组低，小肠的长度各组间差异不显著；（5）添加喹胺醇的组的肌肉中RNA、DNA的含量显著高于对照组。试验表明：喹胺醇有促进肉鸡生长，促进蛋白的同化作用，有利于氮的利用。通过对不同水平的添加试验，在基础日粮中添加50ppm 的效果可得获得最佳效果。试验3，喹胺醇在鸡体内的消除研究表明：鸡多次内服（50mg/kg,每12小时1次，连用6次）在肝、肾和肌肉药物的消除半衰期为5.91，6.489，5.727小时。若规定组织中喹胺醇浓度最高残留限量为1ng/g可食用,休药期应为3天。更多还原

【Abstract】 This article included 3 experiments which were used to study mechanism of quinoxaline-1,4-dioxide-type growth-promoting agents and kui`anchun and residue of kui`anchun in broiler tissue. Experiment1: effect of several quinoxaline-1,4-dioxide-type growth-promoting agents on performance of broiler and its mode of action .A feeding experiment was carried out over 42d with four groups of broiler chickens fed experimental diets formulated to provide no agent ,50 mg olaquindox ,50mg kui`anchun and 50mg kui xi tong .after 21d of the experiment, eight chickens from each pen were killed and the plasma total protein ,albumen ,RNA,RNA/DNA in muscle were measured .The conclusion suggested : (1)Average day gain ,average day food intake and food conversion in kui`anchun-fed were significantly higher than in olaquindox –fed and control （P<0.05）; (2)No increase in plasma total protein and albumen were observe in control , kui`anchun-fed and kui xi tong-fed（P>0.05） ;however ,olaquindox –fed was significantly decrease（P<0.05）; (3)significantly greater of RNA,RNA/DNA in muscle was demonstrated fed kui`anchun , kui xi tong, olaquindox than control（P<0.05） .Experiment2: effect of different level kui`anchun (0,50,75,100mg/kg ) on broiler and mechanism of growth-promoting .160 broiler 1day of age were randomly 4groups , which were fed 0,50,75,100mg/kg kui`anchun respectively .on 21d ,42d,56d of the experiment, eight chickens from each pen were killed and the plasma total protein ,albumen ,RNA,RNA/DNA in muscle ,long and weight of intestine were measured .Digestibility and metabolic experiment was carried out after 28d of feed experiment conclusion :(1) )Average day gain ,average day food intake and food conversion in 50mg/kg and 75mg/kg were significantly higher than in 100mg/kg and control（P<0.05）;(2);The apparent digestibility of protein was higher in kui`anchun –fed (50mg/kg,75mg/kg)than control （P<0.05）;(3) No <WP=7>increase in plasma total protein and albumen were observe in total groups（P>0.05） ;(4)weight of intestine was significantly smaller in 50mg/kg and 75mg/kg than in control（P<0.05） and100mg/kg,but not significant different about long of intestine （P>0.05）;(5) significantly greater RNA,RNA/DNA in muscle was demonstrated fed kui`anchun than control（P<0.05） . Experiment3: broiler were fed kuianchun to measure the rudiment of kuianchun in liver ,kidney and muscle .The concentration of kuianchun was analyzed by liquid phase chromatography with RP-HPLC .The results showed that liver ,kidney and muscle of half life period of kuianchun were respectively 5.91,6.89 and 5.73 h chicken werefed it after sixtime .if residue concentration of kuianchun was 1ng/g which is safe for human body ,the phrase stopped kuianchun is 3day .更多还原