【作者】 陈华；

【导师】 高辉；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 建筑技术科学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 当今世界，能源问题已经成为人们日益关注的热点问题。而建筑能耗在整个社会能源消耗中的重大比例，使建筑节能成为世界建筑界面临的一个紧迫问题。随着城市化进程的加快和国民经济的增长，我国住宅产业近年来发展迅速，住宅建筑的节能问题已经日益突出。我国虽然分阶段颁布实施了多部节能标准，但实际建筑市场却仍然存在“节能建筑不节能”的状况，其原因在于建筑设计中缺少对于各种建筑节能措施的综合考虑分析。广义的住宅建筑能耗包括建筑材料的生产能耗、建筑施工能耗以及使用能耗三大部分。本文针对采暖地区居住建筑冬季采暖和夏季空调的能耗问题，尤其是严重的冬季采暖能耗问题，本着“开源节流”的建筑节能设计原则，从建筑节能技术设计和建筑新能源利用两个方面，对如何做到建筑节能，做了综合的阐述分析。本文采用计算机动态仿真模拟技术，对单体别墅和多层住宅，进行了采暖能耗模拟计算，得到了建筑门窗比与建筑体形系数对建筑能耗影响程度的相关结论，并提出考虑太阳辐射因素来进行建筑围护结构设计的观点。在能源利用方面，面对应用化石能源将会带来全球环境污染和气候变暖等问题，本论文结合设计方案，通过计算建筑中安装的太阳能集热器得热量，对如何综合利用可再生无污染能源来减少建筑能耗值做了有根据的分析，并进行了成本回收估算。最后针对我国建筑节能现状及当前节能工作中存在的问题，进行了深入思考，提出个人看法和见解，及其在节能建筑设计中应采取的对策。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present, the energy problem has been a hot issue in the world. And saving energy in buildings has become to a great important issue since the buildings spent a large portion of all energy.In China, with the accelerated proceeding of urbanization and the development of GDP, the house industry developed with a high speed in recently years.Although the government made serval laws and many rules on saving energy, the result is not optimistic now. The mainly reason is that the buildings were not designed with saving energy techniques as one necessary part. This paper talked about the energy consumption of the heating in the winter and the conditioner in the summer in north area of China from two aspects of saving energy technology and new energy ultilization. And this paper indicates the techniques to reduce the energy consumption in design stage by simulating the heat consumption of the example buildings with vary area ritio of window to wall and vary shape coefficient of building.At the end of the paper, the author brings forward some suggestions on spreading of the saving energy buildings.更多还原