【作者】 樊良新；

【导师】 刘悦翠；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 森林经理， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 黄土高原小流域林业立地的分析与评价是林业生产的一项基本工作，是实现科学造林。育林和实现小流域综合治理的基础。实现科学地黄土高原小流域林业立地的分析、评价与管理需要抓住以下两点，黄土高原林木生长的主要限制性因素以及在主导限制性因素的基础上，合理地进行数据的分析与模拟。本文在以上两点的指导上进行以下工作。1 土壤水分含量的分析—黄土高原林木生长的主要限制性因素[62][2] 以往的研究结果表明，黄土高原立地类型的差异集中反映在水分条件上，而水分条件正是影响林木生长的限制因子，而对于一个十几平方公里的小流域来说，引起其土壤含水率时空分异性的主要因子是地形、地貌、土壤等局部因子。基于这个观点，以土壤含水率作为划分该流域林业立地类型的主要依据，再运用数量化Ⅰ理论，解决地形、地貌、土壤等定性因子与含水率之间的量化关系。科学合理地划分林业立地等级。2 小流域空间数据的分析与处理 在林业小流域的立地的分析与评价研究中涉及到大量的空间数据处理、分析。而 GIS具有强大的地理数据空间分析功能与制图功能，并能提供灵活的应用模型，成为林业立地分析与评价不可替代的工具[82]。本文运用 GIS 强大的空间分析技术顺利地将土壤水分含量与流域的实际地形、地貌和土壤等空间信息关联起来，将图形库和属性数据库有机地结合到一起。方便而有效地解决小流域林业立地的各种数据处理和分析问题。3 流域林业立地管理系统的集成 在上述研究工作基础上，采用基于组件程序设计的思想，应用面向对象可视化编程语言 Delphi6.0 及 MapInfo 公司提供的 ActiveX 控件产品 MapX 4.0 进行开发[64][114]、设计了小流域林业立地信息管理系统。本系统由文件管理、图层操作、数据操作、数据的图表分析、专题图应用、系统维护、帮助组成。各个子系统之间相互独立运行，增强了系统的独立性，便于系统的管理和维护，同时它们又有机地结合为一个整体。通过本系统可以进行林业立地信息属性数据的输入、存储、查询、浏览显示、统计分析、输出及图形信息的查询分析、立地类型专题图的生成，立地类型评价等各种操作。系统具有界面友好，实用性强、操作简单、方便等特点。更多还原

【Abstract】 Little basin forest site analysis and evaluate in Loess plateau is one of the basic work on forest production，It is the foundation of realizes scientifically afforests, forest management and small basin comprehensive administration. To realize scientifically analysis and evaluate of little basin forest site in loess plateau two points of must be hold, the main restricted factor of forest growing and on the basis of restricted factor of the leading factor to carry on the rationally analysis and high-efficient Management .The paper carries on the following work in the guidance of the two points above. 1 The analysis of soil water content-main restricted factor of forest growing on Loessplateau Past result of study indicate that the differences of site type in loess plateau areconcentrate reflect on the condition of the soil water, and the water condition is exactly therestriction factor influencing the trees growing. But to a small basin of more than ten sq km，main factor of cause its soil water content differences are factors, such as topography, groundform, soil, etc.Base on this view, to divide forest site type of the basin are mainly on thesoil water , and also use quantification theory type Ⅰto solve quantization relations betweenquantity of soil water and factors such as topography , ground form , soil ,etc. 2 Analysis and treatment of the little basin space data Analysis and evaluate of forestry site on little basin will involve a large amount ofspace data processing and analyses. And GIS with strong power of geographical data spaceanalyses function and mapping the function, it can offer the flexible application model,become an irreplaceable tool on the forest site analyses and appraise. This paper use strongpower of GIS space analyses technology to make soil water content and actual topography inthe basin space information get related, such as ground form and soil, etc. It combines thefigure together with the attribute database organically. Solve various kinds of the problems inthe data processing of place and analyses of little basin forest site conveniently andeffectively. 3 Small basin forest site information management system The basin forest site management system is integrate on the basis of above-mentionedresearch work, adopt on the basis of thought on package design program, and object-orientedvisual programming language. Using Delphi6 and MapX4.0 component product of ActiveXfrom MapInfo Corporation. The system contains file management, layer operation, dataoperation, chart of data analyses, Theme Mapping application, system maintain and help.Each sub-system run separately, making it has strengthened systematic independence,<WP=7>making it easy to management and maintenance, also they combine as whole organic at thesame time. Through this system can carry on various kinds of the operation of forest siteinformation which include the input, store, inquire, view, statistical analysis output ofattribute data, the inquiry analyses of map, create thematic map of site type and the appraiseof site type. The system has friendship of interfaces, strong practicability, simply operate,conveniently etc.更多还原