【作者】 陈昌文；

【导师】 邹志荣；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 蔬菜学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本试验利用三因素二次饱和-D设计，对香蕉西葫芦生育期中氮、磷、钾三种元素进行DPS分析，得到回归模型为：y= 543.7581 ＋ 22.3308X1 ＋ 7.9281X2 ＋ 69.5503X3 ＋ 20.8152X1X2 ＋ 27.3437X1X3 ＋ 65.6910X2X3－ 103.5530X12 ＋ 8.6026X22 － 99.2235X321.分析结果表明:1）三因素对产量的影响各不相同，线性项是X3>X1>X2,即各元素对香蕉西葫芦产量的影响大小顺序是：钾>氮>磷。2）经过对模型的解析，分别得到氮与磷、氮与钾、磷与钾的交互效应方程,氮与磷、氮与钾、磷与钾均表现为正的交互效应，其中磷钾>氮钾>氮磷。3）试验优选出的最终配方为：X1=0.3066，X2=1，X3=0.7255时，即氮施肥量为16.9858kg,磷为14kg,钾为29.3335kg,有最高产量为615.7565Kg/亩。经频数分析,当每亩施氮量在12.94675～15.4843Kg，施磷量在6.72355～10.5462Kg，施钾量在17.94355～23.0333Kg时，每亩产量有95％的可能高于540Kg(收获时间为53天)。2.经过试验分析,得知鸡粪不同时期速效氮的释放较稳定，基本控制在230mg/kg左右,不同时期鸡粪速效磷的释放在1.3g/kg左右,鸡粪速效钾的释放在4.4g/kg左右。3.在试验中，香蕉西葫芦平均每株总共吸收氮约10.2克，在营养生长期中约占总吸收的12％，约1.2克,生殖生长期中占88％，约9克,其中被瓜带走约占73％,约7.4克；平均每株总共吸收磷（P2O5）约3.2克，在营养生长期中约占总吸收的15％，约0.5克，生殖生长期中占85％，约2.7克，其中被瓜带走约占69％，约占2.2克；平均每株总共吸收钾（K2O）约7.8克，在营养生长期中约占总吸收的11％，约0.9克，生殖生长期中占89％，约6.9克，其中被瓜带走约占67％，约5.3克。4.经计算较合理的施肥量为:基肥：每m3基施10kg商品鸡粪，同时拌入0.5kg蛭石复合肥。追肥：在定植后20天追一次蛭石复合肥，每株追施10克，此后，每10天追肥一次，鸡粪与复合肥交替进行施入，因基质缓冲性较弱，每次追肥不应太多，每次每槽追20克蛭石复合肥或鸡粪50g(可提供全氮约2g,全磷1.7g,全钾0.8g)更多还原

【Abstract】 The experiment, in which the two times saturated-D optimal design was adopted, involving 3 factors, each with 5 levels, were conducted to study the fertilization amount for banana summer squash in Eco-organic type soilless culture system. With the aid of computer,the model demonstrating the relationship between yield factor and three element factors(N,P,K)were established. The model is as follows: Y= 543.7581＋22.3308X1＋7.9281X2＋69.5503X3＋20.8152X1X2＋27.3437X1X3＋65.6910X2X3－103.5530X12＋8.6026X22－99.2235X32Analysis result indicated that: Firstly, the effects of three factors on the yield of cucumber increased by degrees in series of K,N,P. Secondly, the interaction among three factor existed. The interaction between N and K,N and P,P and K were significant. Theinteraction effect between P and K is greater than that of N and K and N and P. Thirdly,by simulating with computer, to achieve the yield of 615.7565Kg/acre.the optimum amount of N,P and K were 16.9858kg,14kg and 29.3335kg respectively during growing stage.After analysis of chicken manure showed that: It’s release rate is stabilizable during different stage, the quick acting N,P and K release rate are about 230mg/kg,1.3g/kg and4.4g/kg respectively during different stage.In this experiment, the mean absorption of N was 10.2g/plant, the absorption during vegetative growth stage and reproductive growth stage were 1.2g/plant,9g/plant respectively; the mean absorption of P was 3.2 g/plant, the absorption during vegetative growth stage and reproductive growth stage were 0.5g/plant,2.7g/plant respectively; the mean absorption of K was 7.8 g/plant, the absorption during vegetative growth stage and reproductive growth stage were 0.9g/plant,6.9g/plant respectively.After calculation, the reasonable fertilization regime would be as follow:Base fertilizer: mature chicken manure 10kg/m3, vermiculite compound fertilizer 0.5kg/m3.Additional fertilizer: vermiculite compound fertilizer 10g/plant, 20 days after planting; hereafter, Applying fertilizer every 10 days, vermiculite compound fertilizer 10g/plant or chicken manure 25g/plant,fertilize them alternatively (it can offer total N,P and K 1g, 0.85g and 0.4g respectively)更多还原