多级库存系统中的协同问题研究

【作者】 张联军；

【导师】 宗蓓华；

【作者基本信息】 上海海事大学 ， 交通运输规划与管理， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 随着人们对供应链认识的提高，对供应链库存的研究也逐渐由简单向复杂、由分散化供应链向集成化的供应链发展。越来越多的企业开始重视供应链成员企业之间的协调和合作问题，以求库存系统运行的高效、合理化。但是，不得不承认，目前对库存系统的研究大多集中在库存控制方面，而对库存系统的内部机理问题研究甚少。从系统的观点来看，多级库存系统是一个由众多“子系统”(即它的各要素)组成的系统。在这个系统中不仅存在着内部各子系统间相互作用，而且还与周围环境进行着资金、货物、信息等多种形式的外部交流，因此库存系统是一个复杂的开放系统。同时，这种开放系统作为一有机整体，其内部各子系统的机制功能必须相互协调合作，并具备同等的应变能力，才能提高效率、降低成本。高度的协同性是效率化的体现，正是这种对效率、协作的要求使得本文作者产生了应用协同学来研究库存系统的想法。 协同学中的“协同”指的是复杂系统中各组成要素之间，各子系统之间在操作运行过程中的合作、协调、同步。在宏观上这一概念表现为整个系统的有序化。协同学把一切研究对象看成是由组元、部分或子系统构成的系统，这些子系统彼此之间通过物质，能量或者信息交换等方式相互作用。通过子系统之间的这种相互作用，整个系统将形成一种整体效应或者一种新型的结构。在系统这个层次，这种整体效应(协同效应)具有某种全新的性质，而这种性质在微观层次是不可能具备的。 本文包括引言共七部分内容。第一章介绍了库存系统研究的意义及研究现状，指出研究中的不足，由此引出协同学研究多级库存系统的必要性，分析了用协同学来研究库存系统的适用性。 第二章重点对协同学理论进行系统的概述。对其理论的核心含义进行探讨、阐述了协同学的基本概念、基本原理和基本方法及其与其他系统理论之间的关系、同时指出协同学处理问题的局限性和不足。随后概述了协同学在自然科学和社会经济中的应用。 第三章主要对多级库存系统进行分析，包括从微观、中观、宏观角度的分析；研究了供应链多级库存协同系统的平衡与非平衡、组织与自组织、有序与无序的基本协同学特征；分析了多级库存系统控制的关键和制约因素；通过对库存系统的解剖分析，为下文研究其协同机理奠定基础，本章运用协同学中的势函数方法研究了库存成本的变化规律，得出了一些有益结论。 本文的研究重点在第四章，这一章首先介绍了协同学研究问题的一般步骤，并通过对多级库存系统变量进行分析，得出描述库存量的变化的两个方程，运用绝热消去法对方程组进行简化，得到了系统的序参量方程，分析此方程就能掌握系统的脉搏。通过对库存系统的协同学分析，得到了系统的临界慢化、对称性破缺、以及分岔现象。上海海事大学硕士论文多级库存系统中的协同问题研究本章还研究了涨落力的作用，并对多级库存系统进行了基于库存量的协同学分析。 第五章提出了库存系统协调程度模型。通过调研获取数据，代入模型进行计算，得出了实用的结论，并验证了模型的正确性。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the improvement of understand to supply chain management, the study of inventory develops from simpleness to complexity, from decentralization to centralization. More and more companies begin to attach importance to harmony and cooperation in inventory management. However, study about inventory system mostly focus in controlling technique. In the standpoint of system, Stock is one which consist of a great many subsystems and elements. The system not only exist interaction of internal subsystems, but also exchanged capital, cargo and information with external environment. Therefore, inventory is a complex system with opening character As an organic entirety, the internal subsystems must collaborate one another, and possess coordinative capacity to cope with environmental change, so as to enhancing efficiency and reducing cost. Extensive cooperativeness is a must for inventory system. The demand of inventory’s efficiency and cooperation caused the author thought about apply Synergetics to research inventory system.Synergetic refers to elements and Subsystems that build up a complex system cooperate and synchronize one another during operation and function process. In macroscopic view, the concept represents ordering of the whole complex system. By means of interaction among subsystems, the whole system would form a kind of integral effect or a new structure. The integral effect possessed a brand-new character.This paper including foreword amounts to seven parts of contents. Chapter one introduced the meaning and actuality in studies and research , has pointed out the deficiency while studying, therefore draw and learn to study the necessity of the multistage stock system in coordination , analyses the suitability of Synergetics in studying.Chapter two carries on the systematic summary in theory in Synergetics especially. The key meaning to its theory carries on the discussion , have explained the basic conception, and with the relation , pointing out limitation and deficiency of learning to handle problem in Synergetics at the same time among the theory of other systems for basic principle and basic method. Have summed up the application studying in natural science and social economy in Synergeticsafterwards.Chapter three analyses multistage stock system; analyses the characters of multistage stock in equilibrium and non-equilibrium ,in organization and self-organization , this chapter uses the tendency function method while studying the change law of the stock cost, have drawn some conclusions .The research of this text focuses on chapter four, this chapter has introduced the general step of solving question in Synergetics at first, and through analysing the multistage stock , draw two equations about volume of stock , use special technique to simplify the equation group , has received the systematic parameter equation, using Synergetics, analyses volume of stock in multistage stock system.Chapter five proposed a model. Through surveying and studying the data of obtaining, has drawn the practical conclusion, and has verified the exactness of the model.Zhang lianjun(Transportation planning & Management) Directed by zong beihua(Professor)更多还原