基于嵌入系统的DSI820酶生物传感器

【作者】 魏胜非；

【导师】 王锡录；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 生物物理， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 基于嵌入系统的DS1820酶生物传感器的设计工作为本人的独创工作。该传感器较热电阻检测方法相比在电路的简化、体积的减小、便于网络化方面都有了相当大的改进。在本文中对生物传感器的发展现状作以介绍，特别是对酶类生物传感器的定义及其分类进行了重点论述。根据生物传感器的定义，组成提取生物信号的传感器。考虑到酶这种特殊蛋白质的生物特性，因而在有效的选择生物酶上进行了探讨。针对不同的检测生物对象，选取不同的生物酶。不同的生物酶促成不同的生化反应。在进行生化反应的同时，多数生化反应伴有热量的变化，利用生物物理量的这种变化可以反映出反应物的浓度。对于热的检测原理及方法进行了深入探讨。为了能够减小检测传感器及处理部分的体积、提高其信号处理能力，采用了美国DALLAS公司开发生产的单线智能温度传感器。它属于新一代适配微处理器的智能温度传感器。智能温度传感器属于智能化集成温度传感器，其主要优点是采用数字化技术，能以数字形势直接输出被测温度值，具有测温误差小、分辨力高、抗干扰能力强、能够远程传输数据、用户可设定温度上下限、有超限自动报警功能、自带串行数据接口等特点。适配各种微控制器。含微处理器和单片机。它是研制和开发具有高性价比的新一代温度测控系统所必不可少的核心器件。DS1820采用DALLAS公司独特的单线总线专有技术，通过串行通信接口直接输出被测温度值(9位二进制数据，含符号位)。若采用高分辨力模式，分辨力可达0.1℃。温度／数字量转换时间典型值为200ms，最大值为500ms。它内含64位只读存储器，扣除8位产品系列号和8位循环冗余校验码(CRC)后，产品序号占48位，其主要包括寄生电源、温度传感器、64位激光(ROM)与单线接口、高速暂存器(即便笺式RAM,用于存放中间数据)、T_H触发寄存器和T_L触发寄存器(分别用来存储用户设定的温度上下限tH，tL值)、存储与控制逻辑、8位循环冗余校验码发生器反应时所产生的温度的变化，从而检测到反应物的浓度。在开发时采用了嵌入系统。整体软件开发采用了C51，从而简化了程序设计同时也为后续开发及仪器网络化打下了良好基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 The design of DS1820 enzymatic biosensor based on embedded systems is my own novel research work. This sensor is furtherimproved compared with that of the thermistors in circuit and volume as well as web. The development of biosensor has been introduced. Especially, the efinition and kinds of enzymatic biosensors has been discussed. According to the definition of biosensor, sensor to get biological signal has been made. Taking account of feature of enzyme(a kind of special protein),the selection of biological enzyme has been investigated effectively. The different enzyme will be choiced for different biological subject. The different biological enzyme will result in different biochemical reaction. During the poried of biochemical reaction, many biochemical reactions usually acompany a change of heat quantity. The concentration of the reactant can be reflected by the change of these biological quantities. The principle and method of measuring temperature have been deeply studied. One-wire intelligent temperature sensor, which is made by DALLAS COMPANY in America, has been taken in order to decrease price of sensor and volume. It is a kind of intelligent temperature-sensor with new microprocessor. And intelligent temperature-sensor belongs to the scope of an intelligent and integrated temperature-sensor. Its major advantage is that digital technology has been in it. Temperature value will be given out through digital form. It will be very accurate and it can more protest interference further than others. It can transport data for long distance. High and low limits of temperature can be set up by users. If temperature is over the limit. The alarm will be given. It has own data-bus and interface etc. It can adapt to any kinds of microcontrollers and microprocessors as well as microcomputers. It is a necessary part to develop new temperature measuring- system, which has excellent functions and is very cheap. Using the unique technique of one-wire bus of DALLAS Company DS1820, temperature value measured (nine binary codes, including signal) are directly sent out through communication port. If model of accurate result is taken, precision will get to 0.1℃. Typical parameter of temperature todigital conversional time is 200 ms. Maximum number is 500ms. It includes 64 bits ROM. Number of product occupies 48 bits except 8 bits of CRC. It mostly includes parasite power, temperature sensor, 64 bits laser ROM, one-wire port, high speed register (convenient RAM to restore data in progress, TH Flip-Flop register and TL Flip-Flop register to restore high and low limit number of temperature), restoring and controlling logic, 8 bits CRC generator etc. The enzyme is put before DS1820. It will get temperature change when reaction under enzyme goes. Therefore, the concentration of reactor will be got. Embedded systems is adopted in the developing when DS1820 is developed. Taking C51, design program is simplified further, the good foundation of both developing and the webbing for equipment is laid.更多还原