东北十种野生大豆（Glycine soja）抗盐结构演化研究

【作者】 刘翠晶；

【导师】 陆静梅；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 植物学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 为探索野生大豆（Glycine soja Seib. et Zucc.）颉颃盐逆境的结构特征，探讨其结构演化规律，采用石蜡切片和光学显微技术对10种野生大豆进行了结构植物学研究。实验所用材料的种子均采自不同地区的盐碱地，然后栽种于中性土壤环境，旨在寻找能够稳定遗传的抗盐结构特征，为栽培大豆育种提供第一手结构植物学资料。通过对10种实验材料营养器官解剖结构的对比研究：明确了野生大豆的抗盐结构特征，其中标志性特征有盐腺、含盐液泡包、晶体等。此外，还有一些结构，它们不与植物体抗盐直接相关，而是间接地通过加强同化、输导、机械支持能力来增强植物体的抗性，从而提高植物体在盐渍生境中的生活能力。在抗盐结构上，10种材料有共性也有特性。如每一种材料都含有含盐液泡包，而只有625，627，630三种材料有盐腺，所以每种材料都具备一定的抗盐能力，只是能力大小有所差别。每种材料抗盐能力的强弱不是由某一种抗盐结构所决定，而是多种抗盐结构共同作用的结果。综合比较表明，材料627的抗盐结构特征最为显著。发现一特殊解剖结构：在茎的初生结构外包裹着根的次生结构，认为产生这种结构的原因可能是额外形成层作用的结果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ten wild soybeans were studied by paraffin slice and light microscopy in order to explore the salt resistant structure characteristics and elucidate the regularity of the structural evolution.The seeds of these experimental materials were picked up from the different areas with saline-alkali soil. And then they were cultivated in the neutral soil. The aim of the experiment was to find the stable and inheritable salt resistant structures, and study the relationship between plant structures and its environment. The study can be helpful for the future screening of salt resistant soybean breeds.Comparing with the anatomical structures of ten wild soybeans, it can be said : The first, the salt resistant structural characteristics of wild soybeans were defined. The typical characteristics were salt glands, saline vacuole bags, crystal and so on. Moreover, there were some other structures that had not direct relationship with salt resistant function, but they enhanced the tolerance of the plant through increasing the abilities of assimilating, transporting and sustaining.The second, some common salt resistant structure characteristics existed in all these materials, such as the saline vacuole bags. But some special characteristics only existed in some of all, such as the salt glands, only existing in 625,627,630. Each one had some salt resistant ability, but the ability was different among them. The third, the salt resistant ability was related to synthetic effect of many salt resistant structures, but not only one. The fourth, from all aspects, 627 had more salt resistant characteristics.The fifth, a special structure was found. The secondary structures of the root wrapped the primary structures of the stem. It perhaps resulted from the function of the extra cambium.更多还原