基于改进遗传算法的图像分割

【作者】 李辉；

【导师】 吕英华；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 计算机软件与理论， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 遗传算法作为一种求解问题的高效并行的全局搜索方法，以其固有的鲁棒性、并行性和自适应性，使之非常适于大规模搜索空间的寻优，已广泛应用许多学科及工程领域。在计算机视觉领域中的应用也正日益受到重视，为图像分割问题提供了新而有效的方法。本论文对图像分割算法进行了研究与比较；对遗传算法理论、遗传算法在图像分割领域的应用现状及遗传分割算法的原理、过程、结果等几方面做了研究。通过对遗传算法运行机理的深入研究，针对一些有噪声的图像，本文提出一种基于改进遗传算法的图像分割方法。算法中采用二维编码机制；为保持种群的多样性，随机均匀地产生初始种群；遗传操作中的交叉操作中引入了一项规则防止种群退化；为使遗传算法保持种群的多样性，以防止出现未成熟收敛，本文设计了一个自适应变异算子；以及在种群更新机制方面，提出了新的解决方案。实验结果表明，本文提出的基于改进的遗传算法优化了图像的分割，运算速度明显比传统分割算法快，而且取得了比传统算法更好的分割质量。本文程序采用VC++6.0在WinXP 环境下编译完成。更多还原

【Abstract】 Genetic algorithm (GA) is a sort of efficient， paralled ，full search method with its inherent virtues of robustness， parallel and self-adaptive characters. It is suitable for searching the optimization result in the large search space. Now it has been applied widely and perfectly in many study fields and engineering areas. In computer vision field GA is increasingly attached more importance. It provides the image segmentation a new and effective method.Algorithms and analyses about image segmentation are presented .An overview on the theories and the recent development is given. Also the status of GA applied in the image segmentation field is presented， and the theories， steps， results and analyses of several GA applied in the image segmentation are given.Through the deep research and compare on the GA fields， an improved genetic algorithm in image segmentation is proposed to effectively accomplish analysis tasks for noisy images. In the new algorithms: coding with 2-dimention chromosome is adopted; initialization of population with stochastic and symmetrical methods is produced to keep the variety of the population; A new rule is imported in the crossover operation to avoid the population degenerating; A adaptive mutation operator is proposed in the mutation operation to avoid the immature convergence; A new method is designed in the forming of the new population.The result of experiment shows that the new algorithm can improve greatly the speed and get the better quality than the traditional algorithm.Programs were all compiled in the Windows XP by VC++6.0.更多还原