【作者】 杨桂生；

【导师】 尹华；

【作者基本信息】 暨南大学 ， 环境科学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 微生物絮凝剂是一类由微生物产生的有絮凝活性的高分子物质，在水处理中以其无毒、无二次污染，易于生物降解等优点成为絮凝剂研究的新方向。目前微生物絮凝剂的研究主要集中在单一菌絮凝剂的研究，微生物絮凝剂不能很好利用多种微生物的优势，同时成本过高不能广泛应用于生产实践中。本研究利用絮凝菌混合培养研制出高效的混合菌絮凝剂YF-3，对其絮凝条件及其性能进行研究，同时利用啤酒废水培养YF-3，为降低微生物絮凝剂生产成本，进一步用于实际应用中提供实验基础与方法，絮凝剂YF—3对实际废水处理也取得很好的效果。 本研究筛选出三株高效微生物絮凝菌，分别是两株黄单胞菌Xanthomonas WA-2和Xanthomonas WB-2，一株不动细胞菌Acinetobacter M-3，对其中絮凝活性最高的Xanthomonas WB-2进行研究，菌Xanthomonas WB-2的最适生长条件：碳源为葡萄糖或蔗糖，氮源为牛肉膏，初始pH值为7～8，温度为28～32℃，培养时间为60～72h。絮凝剂WBF-2对絮凝的pH值有广泛的适应性，絮凝最适的pH值为4～6。 实验结果表明：混合菌Y-3以蛋白胨作为氮源絮凝率最高，絮凝率高达94.2％，葡萄糖和蔗糖作为碳源效果最好，絮凝剂YF-3在pH为4～6时絮凝效果最佳，高价金属离子对其有促进絮凝作用，其中Ca²⁺的促进作用明显。 利用啤酒废水作为培养基的实验结果表明：菌Y-3可以直接利用经稀释的啤酒废水，废水浓度为30％～70％，并加入蛋白胨（2mg／L）时取得良好的絮凝效果，在稀释浓度为50％时，絮凝率高达94.2％。 絮凝剂结构成分分析表明，该絮凝剂属于两性高分子多糖，分子中所含阴离子基团（羧基和羟基）较多，即具有较多的活性吸附位点。具有分子量高、水溶性好等优点。 实验结果表明絮凝剂YF-3对实际废水处理有一定的效果，对啤酒废水和含藻污水的处理时，如用与CaCl₂或无机絮凝剂联合使用有很好的处理效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Microbial flocculant is a kind of flocculant secreted by microorganism. These kinds of microbial polymers are expected to be useful in flocculating wastewater due to their bio-degradaility and the harmlessness of the products of their degradation toward the human and environment. Researchers are focused on the flocculant of single microbe and the cost of the microbial flocculant is too high to be used in the industry .In this paper the microbial flocculant YF-3 of high flocculating activity was manufactured by three bacteria of high flocculation activity. The culture conditions and activity of the flocculant YF-3 were studied, the ratio of flocculation was high when beer producing wastewater was used as the medium, only the nitrogen resource was added .It has been succeeded in the laboratory and given a way to use in the industry. YF-3 can be used to treat the various wastewater well.In this study, Xanthomonas WB-2, Xanthomonas WA-2 and Acinetobacter M-3 as high-yied strains were screened out . The best medium of nitrogen and carbon for Xanthomonas WB-2 grouth were beef grease, glucose and sucrose separately. The optimum pH of medium was 7~8. The optimum growing and flocculation-producing temperature was 28-32.The time of best performance was after cultivating 60~72h. The optimum pH of the environment was 4~6.The experiment showed that the best medium of nitrogen and carbonfor flocculant YF-3 were peptone, glucose and sucrose separately. The suitable pH value for flocculant YF-3 was wide, and the optimum was pH 4~6.The experiment indicated that beer producing wastewater could be used as the medium . The best diluted concentration of wastewater was 30-70 %. The high ratio of flocculation was 94.2% when 50% of diluted concentration of the wastewater was used. The high cation can enhance the flocculating activity of YF-3 specially Ca2+ .Analytical experiment approved that the major constitute of YF-3 was polysaccharide. There were -COOH and -OH in the molecules. It had larger molecular weight, and its structure was liner. The mechanism of flocculating was mainly absorbing and bridging.The wastewater purification experiment demonstrated that the YF-3 had good purifying effect in the treatment of wastewater, especially in beer producing wastewater. Inorganic flocculant or CaC should be used together in treatment of beer producing wastewater .更多还原