【作者】 孙世民；

【导师】 雒秋江；

【作者基本信息】 新疆农业大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文采用体外产气法和绵羊整体消化代谢试验相结合的方法，初步探讨了精料型日粮中添加马杜拉霉素、海南霉素、黄霉素、土霉素对8~9月龄罗母尼羊消化代谢的影响。 试验一：用人工模拟瘤胃体外产气法研究了添加不同梯度的马杜拉霉素(3mg/kg、4mg/kg、 5mg/kg、6mg/kg)、土霉素( 20mg/kg、30mg/kg、40mg/kg、50mg/kg)、海南霉素( 5mg/kg、 6mg/kg、7mg/kg、8mg/kg)和黄霉素( 2.7mg/kg、5.4mg/kg、8.1mg/kg、10.8mg/kg)对人工模拟瘤胃系统中6克底物(70%的精料,30%的粗料)发酵的影响。结果显示：(1) 在三小时净产气量上，前五个时间段内，添加抗生素组的产气量均低于对照组；其中土霉素(50mg/kg)、黄霉素(10.8mg/kg) 、马杜拉霉素(4mg/kg) 和海南霉素(7mg/kg)的产气量均显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）。 (2) 在累积产气量上，从12h开始，对照组的累积产气量始终比其它试验组高，其中土霉素组(30mg/kg、40mg/kg)显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）。上述结果表明，四种抗生素均可以抑制人工模拟瘤胃系统的产气量。试验二：选用25只罗母尼羊，按体重随机分为5组，研究了在精粗比为7：3的日粮中分别添加马杜拉霉素（1mg/头·天）、土霉素（18mg/头·天）、海南霉素（2 mg/头·天）、黄霉素（4.5 mg/头·天）对绵羊整体消化代谢的影响。结果显示：(1) 四种饲料添加抗生素能够明显的提高绵羊机体纤维素的表观消化率：马杜拉霉素组58.76±6.8%比对照组52.17±2.83%提高了12.6%（P＜0.05）；土霉素组56.78±3.61%比对照组提高了8.8%（P＜0.05）；海南霉素组59.47±3.73%比对照组提高了13.9%（P＜0.05）；黄霉素组57.45±2.17%比对照组提高了10.1%（P＜0.05）。(2) 四种饲料添加抗生素能够明显的提高绵羊机体半纤维素的表观消化率：马杜拉霉素组52.76±6.8%比对照组46.12±3.6%提高了14.4%（P＜0.05）；土霉素组50.40±4.45%比对照组提高9.3%（P＜0.05）；海南霉素组53.13±4.8%比对照组提高15.2%（P＜0.05）；黄霉素组57.45±2.17%比对照组提高11.5%（P＜0.05）。(3) 四种饲料添加抗生素能够明显提高绵羊平均日增重：马杜拉组比对照组提高了16.9%（P＜0.05）；土霉素组比对照组提高了8%（P＞0.05）；海南霉素组比对照组提高了18.8%（P＜0.05）；黄霉素组比对照组提高了21%（P＜0.05）。(4) 马杜拉霉素降低绵羊干物质采食量（比对照组低3.6%，P＞0.05），但增加绵羊日增<WP=7>重（比对照组增加16.9%P＜0.05）。上述结果表明：四种饲用添加抗生素均能明显的提绵羊的纤维素和半纤维素的表观消化率，提高饲料利用率，增加绵羊的日增重。更多还原

【Abstract】 In vitro gas production technique and digestibility trail were used in this paper to preliminaryly study the effects of Maduramicin Ammonium, Oxytetramycin, Hainanmycin Sodium and Flavomycin addition to the concentrate-diet on the digestion and metabolism by Romni sheep. Experiment 1: It was to compare the effects of Maduramicin Ammonium (3mg/kg, 4mg/kg, 5mg/kg, 6g/kg), Oxytetramycin(20mg/kg, 30mg/kg, 40mg/kg, 50mg/kg), Hinanmycin Sodium（5mg/kg, 6mg/kg, 7mg/kg, 8mg/kg）,Flavomycin（2.7mg/kg, 5.4mg/kg, 8.1mg/kg, 10.8mg/kg）on ruminal fermentation in sheep during adaptation to an high concentrate diet with gas production technique in vitro, the results show：1. On net gas production within forefive time, Four antibi- biotic components adding were decreased than those control. Oxytetramycin（50mg/kg），Flavomycin（10.8mg/kg），Maduramicin Ammonium Premix（4mg/kg），Hainanmycin Sodium Premix（7mg/kg）notable lower those control（P＜0.05）.2. After 12h , the accumulative gas production of those control was higher than four antibiotic components adding. Oxytetramycin(30mg/kg,40mg/kg) notable lower those control（P＜0.05）.the results indicate : four antibiotic components adding restrain gas production of manual rumen. Experiment 2: Twenty-five 8~9-month-old Ramny sheep were divided into five groups randomly accor -ding to their initial body weight. The basal diet was made up of 70% of concentrated feeding stuff and 30% of block. Four antibiotics was added with Maduramicin Ammonium Premix (1mg/t·d),Oxytetramycin （18mg/t·d）,Hainanmycin Sodium Premix（2mg/t·d）,Flavomycin（4.5mg/t·d）into the diet. The results show as below: 1. Sheep fed Maduramicin Ammonium <WP=9>Premix ,Oxytetramycin ,Hainanmycin Sodium Pre- ix, Flavomycin increased 12.63%（P＜0.05）,8.8%（P＜0.05）,13.9%（P＜0.05）,10.1%（P＜0.05）more the apparent digest of cellulose than those control.2. Sheep fed Maduramicin Ammonium Premix, Oxytetramycin, Hainanmycin Sodium Premix, Flavomycin increased 14.4%（P＜0.05）,9.3%（P＜0.05）, 15.2%（P＜0.05）,11.5%（P＜0.05）more the apparent digest of semi-cellulose than those control.3. Four antibiotic components adding increased liveweight gain 16.9%（P＜0.05）, 8%（P＞0.05）,18.8%（P＜0.05）,21%（P＜0.05）than those control.4. Sheep fed Maduramicin Ammonium Premix cons- umed 3.6% less DM than those control. But liveweight gain of those lambs increased 16.9%（P＜0.05）than those control. above results show :four antibiotic components adding conspiciously improve the apparent digest of cellulose and semi-cellulose, increase utilizition ratio of forage and live- weight gain.更多还原