【作者】 张孝霖；

【导师】 李疆；

【作者基本信息】 新疆农业大学 ， 果树学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文以梨三种品种（库尔勒香梨、梨 Ｓ 系矮化砧、杜梨）为试验材料，通过对三种试验材料的离体再生培养过程及微嫁接技术进行研究，筛选出了诱导产生外殖体的最优材料，提出了三种试管苗的增殖培养、生根培养、驯化移栽和微嫁接苗成活的关键影响因子。同时也建立了三种试验材料的快速繁殖及微嫁接技术体系。主要结果如下：　 采用休眠枝茎段作为梨品种组培快繁的材料来建立外殖体的成功率较高。本实验中，杜梨最适培养基为 Ｂ５＋ＢＡ１．０ｍｇ／ｌ＋ＩＢＡ０．１ｍｇ／ｌ＋ＧＡ３０．７ｍｇ／ｌ，矮化砧的最适培养基为 Ｂ５＋ＢＡ１．０ｍｇ／ｌ＋ＩＢＡ０．０５ｍｇ／ｌ＋ＧＡ３１．０ｍｇ／ｌ，香梨的最适基本培养基为ＡＳ＋ＢＡ１．０ｍｇ／ｌ＋ＩＢＡ０．１ｍｇ／ｌ＋ＧＡ３０．７ｍｇ／ｌ。通过实验数据和观察分析，材料嫩茎的平均增殖率随 ＢＡ 浓度的升高而升高，同时植株变异率、畸形苗率也逐渐增加。一定浓度的 ＩＢＡ 配合 ＢＡ 使用可以提高有效转接苗的数量。ＧＡ３ 配合 ＢＡ、ＩＢＡ 使用可以改变材料增殖嫩茎的生物学指标。　 杜梨和矮化砧均可诱导生根。ＡＣ 能够显著的促进梨品种的生根。ＰＧ 对梨的生根没有促进作用。在培养基中添加一定量的蛭石可以显著提高根的质量及须根的数量。掌握和控制环境条件是试管苗驯化移栽的关键技术，试管生根苗移栽前需经一定时间的闭口强光练苗和敞口练苗，然后移栽到蛭石基质中。　 三种微嫁接方式中，以劈接效果最佳，其嫁接难度最低、嫁接成活率最高。在培养基中附加 ＩＢＡ０．５ｍｇ／ｌ 时，微嫁接苗的成活率是最高的。将接穗和砧木用抗氧化剂和 ＩＢＡ 的混合液作浸渍预处理，效果不佳。接穗与砧木的苗龄对微嫁接成活率的影响是至关重要的，更多还原

【Abstract】 This thesis is based on three kinds of pear species(korla fragrant pear ,S?F series dwarfing rootstock of pear , Berchleaf pear )to be experimental material, The key influential factors of the three kinds of material to proliferate?rooting?transplant and factors of survival of micrografting seedling were brought up,through the studies on regeneration and technology of micrografting , At the same time, some improving methods were put forward, technical system of rapid propagation and micrografting of these material were established. The main results are as follows: The succeed rate of establishing explant are higher when adopting dormant caudexes segment to be material of rapid propagation of pear species. In this experiment, multiplication rate and growth of shoots of korla fragrant pear are optimum on medium: AS + BA1.0mg/ l+ the IBA0.1mg/ l+ GA30.7mg/l. Through analysis and observe on experimental data and growing potential of tube shoot, the mean multiple rate of delicate shoot goes upping with increasing concentration of BA. At the same time, rate of variation and abnormal seedling is also gradually increasing. However, certainly concentration of the IBA matching with BA would increase valid quantity of seedling, which can be easily transferred. GA3 matching with BA and IBA could obviously improve the biology index of delicate shoot. Berchleaf pear and dwarfing rootstock of pear all could induce to take root. AC could obviously promote rooting of pear species. PG has no 5<WP=9>function to promote rooting of pear. Fixed amount vermiculite in medium can clearly increase the quality of root. Control with the environmental situation is the key technique to increase survival rate of tube seedling which have transplanted to outside. Among three way of grafting, cleft grafting show the best result, its difficulty to graft is lowest, and the survival rate is highest. When subjoining IBA0.5mg/L into medium, the survival rate of seedling will be enhanced. Cion and rootstock age of grafting Seedling is important to its survival.更多还原