【作者】 冯忠垒；

【导师】 姜卉芳； 董新光；

【作者基本信息】 新疆农业大学 ， 水文学及水资源， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 塔里木河是一条典型的宽浅游荡性河流，近 100 年来，曾几次改道。随着河道淤积的不断加重，现有人工堤防的安全运行受到严重威胁，同时也造成大水漫溢，耗水量不断增加。由于河道泥沙冲淤规律主要决定于该段河道的水沙特性与组合，为改变这种状况与寻找恢复河道冲淤平衡状态的途径，本文应用随机水文学的理论与方法，从宏观空间尺度（塔里木河源流至干流新渠满站）和较长的时间尺度（39~44 年），分析出塔里木河源流至干流上游水沙动态变化特性，并研究了河段冲淤规律改变的过程及原因。认为由于塔里木河源流区人类开源截流，大量引水，造成下游河道水量锐减，输沙能力降低，同时也改变了水沙关系，即由源流上游的大水泥沙转变为源流下游及干流上游的小水泥沙，从而使小水泥沙淤坏河道。为避免和减少塔里木河干流上游河道淤积，提出了河道整治与挖沙，改善水沙关系等切实可行的措施，以及需进一步深入研究的课题。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Tarim River is a kind of typical broad and shallow truant river. In recent 100 years, ithad changed route several times. With the increasing heavy depositions, the running ofcurrent man-made dike is threatened, and the water has over-flowed so that the consumptionof water is kept on increasing. As we know, the rule of channel brush and sedimentation isdetermined by the characters and combination of water and sand in the channel. In order tochange the circumstance and find ways to regain the balance of channel brush andsedimentation, the article analysises the characters of movable change from original stream tothe upstream of trunk channel in the Tarim River, studies the course and reason related to thechange of channel sedimentation’s rule, from the angle of macro-space (from original streamto Xin Qu Man station in trunk channel) and long time (39-44 years) by using the theory andmethod of random hydrology. The article thinks it is the development of water resourcesutilization by mankind in the original stream of Tarim River that result in great reduction inrunoff and great increasing in sedimentation. Meanwhile, the relation of water and sand isalso changed. That is to say, the large water and sand in the upper reaches of original streamhas changed into small water and sand in the lower reaches of original stream and in the upperreaches of trunk channel. So the small runoff lead to channel sedimentation. To avoid andreduce channel sedimentation in the upstream of trunk channel in Tarim River, the article putsforward to many practical measures, such as channel transformation and sand control, thebetter relationship of water and sand, and so on. Furthermore, the article also points out thedirection of further study.更多还原