【作者】 罗英；

【导师】 冯大千；

【作者基本信息】 新疆农业大学 ， 园林植物与观赏园艺， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本项研究在乌鲁木齐市植物园内进行，选取孤植状态下的8种常用落叶阔叶乔灌木树种：美国大叶白蜡（Fraxinus americana Linn.）、新疆小叶白蜡（Fraxinus sogdiana Bge.）、夏橡（Quercus robur L.）、圆冠榆 （Ulmus densa Litw.）、垂榆（Ulmus pumila L. var. pendula (Kirchn.) Rend.）、暴马丁香（Syringa reticulata (Bl.) Hara. var. mandshuica (Maxim.) Hara.）、珍珠梅（Sorbaria sorbifolia A. Br.）和榆叶梅（Prunus triloba Lindl.） 的标准样株，在生长期7、8、9三个月内对其光合速率（Pn）、光能利用效率(LUE)、光饱和点(Im)、光补偿点(Io)、蒸腾速率(E)、水分利用效率(WUE)和水分竞争能力(WCC) 等光合及水分生理指标进行量化测定分析，了解不同园林树种的生理特征及其生态效应，并进行综合评价，为干旱区城市生态园林建设中的树种选择与植物优化配置提供科学依据。主要研究结果：1）对8种园林树木的净光合速率、光能利用效率、蒸腾速率及水分利用效率等进行了量化测定和排序，用以指导园林树种的选择与配置。2）当周围环境CO2浓度显著增高时，圆冠榆和小叶白蜡吸收利用高浓度CO2的能力强。3）各树种在生长期对弱光的利用效率均大于强光利用效率，光能利用效率（LUE）随着光强的提高而逐渐下降。4）8树种的平均水分利用效率存在着差异，其水分竞争能力与光能利用效率也存在差异。5）分析了8种园林树木的碳氧平衡能力、增湿降温作用、绿量等生态效应。更多还原

【Abstract】 From July to September, eight single planted arbor trees and bushes: Fraxinus americana Linn. , Fraxinus sogdiana Bge. , Quercus robur L. , Ulmus densa Litw. , Ulmus pumila L. var. pendula (Kirchn.) Rend. , Syringa reticulata (Bl.) Hara. var. mandshuica (Maxim.) Hara. , Sorbaria sorbifolia A. Br. and Prunus triloba Lindl. were selected as standard sample trees in the botanical garden of Urumqi. Some physiological indexes such as: net photosynthetic rate, photosynthetic radiation-use efficiency, light saturation point, light compensation point, transpiration rate, water use efficiency and water competitive capacity were determined and analyzed. By understanding physiological characteristics and ecological function of landscape trees and comprehensive evaluating, some scientific grounds were drawn for the choice and arrangement of trees in ecological landscape gardens of arid region city.From the analyses, the conclusions were drawn out that: 1) Net photosynthetic rate, photosynthetic radiation-use efficiency, transpiration rate and water use efficiency were determined and queued up for guiding the choice and arrangement of landscape trees. 2) When the density of Carbon dioxide increase remarkably, the capability of absorption and utilization to Carbon dioxide of Ulmus densa Litw. and Fraxinus sogdiana Bge. is stronger than others’. 3) Light use efficiency to the weak light of landscape trees is bigger than that to the strong light, and LUE reduces gradually with the strengthening intensity of light. 4) Water use efficiency of landscape trees is different, and the difference exists between water competitive capacity and light use efficiency of eight species of landscape trees. 5) Some ecological function: the balance between Carbon dioxide and oxygen、increasing humidity and reducing temperature、green biomass were analyzed.更多还原