【作者】 姜秀海；

【导师】 马凤云； 孙月华；

【作者基本信息】 新疆大学 ， 化学工艺， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究分为两部分。第一部分：麻黄碱的液泛法提取研究目的：通过对水提和醇提麻黄碱提取率的比较，研究用乙醇代替水提取麻黄碱的可行性。通过对液泛法醇提麻黄碱的研究，提出一种新的提取方法。方法：分别用水和乙醇作为提取剂，采用直接回流法、索氏提墩法和液泛法提取麻黄碱，测定麻黄碱的提取率。结果：用乙醇提取麻黄碱，4小时提取率可达43．98％，而水提仅为37．43％。采用麻黄碱的醇提工艺，4小时提取率可达97．29％，比索氏抽提法高27％，比直接回流法高48．66％。 结论：乙醇提取麻黄碱的效率高于水提麻黄碱的效率，可以作为新的提提取剂取代水。液泛法提取麻黄碱的效率高于直接提取法和索氏提取法，并具有提取时间短、速度快、溶剂量少和提取效率高的特点。麻黄碱的液泛醇提工艺解决了水提工艺的不足之处，很大程度上解决了废水的排污问题。同时还可捉墩其它成分。 第二篇：麻黄碱的转旋研究目的：寻找一种简便的方法测取麻黄碱的转旋率，优化左旋麻黄碱转右旋麻黄碱工艺。方法：通过酰化、转旋、成盐工过程将左旋麻黄碱转旋为右旋麻黄碱，采 用旋光法测取麻黄碱的转旋率。结果：采用改进的转旋工艺，酰化时间为4小时，比文献中介绍的转旋工艺酰化时间少了3小时。采用lmol／L的盐酸转旋成盐时间仅为4小时，比文献中介绍的转旋工艺转旋成盐时间少了9小时。结论：改进后的工艺大大简化了工艺步骤，减少了时间。旋光法测定麻黄碱的转旋率简便怏捷。更多还原

【Abstract】 The paper included two partS.The first part: Study on extraction with flooding of ephedrineObjective: Compare extracting rate of the water and ethanolic , study on feasibility of extracting ephedrine with etlianolic.instead of water. And study on flooding method of etlianolic extraction from epheda, put forword a kind of new extraction method .Methods: Using water and ethanolic as solvents respectively, ephedrine is extracted fromephedra by flooding method and Soxhlet extraction method and rellux extraction. Andanalyze extracting rate of ephedrineResults: As using ethanolic as solvent, extracting rate for 4 hours is 43.98%;water, 37. 43%.Conclusion: Extracting rate with ethanolic as solvent is higher than extracting rate with water as solvent, water may be repalaced by ethanolic as a sort of new extraction solvent. Extracting rate of flooding method is higher than that of Soxhlet extraction method and reflux extraction method. Flooding method has such specialties as fast extraction speed and less solvent and high extracting rate. Flooding method of ethanolic extraction from ephedra solves shortages of the water extraction technique and pollution matters of waste water in a great extent, and may extract other composition.The second part: Study on the rotation of ephedrineObjective: Look for a simple and convenient method of measuring rotation rate of ephedrine, optimize rotation technique from L-ephedrine to D-ephedrine.Methods: l)-ephedrine was made from L- ephedrine through acidylation and ration action,the rotation rate was measured with the rotational method.Results: Using improved ration technique, acidylation time just needs 4 hours and is 3 hours less than rotation technique in literature. Ration and salification time only needs 4 hours and is 9 hours that Ration and salification time in literature.Conclusion: The improved technique simplifies technique steps, and reduces time. The rotational method used to measure rotation rate is simple and convenient.更多还原