【作者】 马鸿艳；

【导师】 栾非时；

【作者基本信息】 东北农业大学 ， 蔬菜学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本试验以黄瓜（Cucumis sativus.L）为材料，分为温室春秋两茬栽培，通过开启后坡、后墙、前侧通风口大小、多层覆盖、临时加温等手段，设置 A、B、C 三个温度环境，春茬选用品种为津春 3 号，秋茬为津优 1 号，通过研究不同温度管理方式对日光温室内气象因子(气温、地温和空气相对湿度)及黄瓜的生长、产量、相关理化指标、果实商品性、品质的影响，初步探明日光温室内不同温度管理对黄瓜生长及产量形成的影响，为我省日光温室黄瓜栽培环境控制提供合理的温度参数。试验得出如下结论：1．不同温度管理对日光温室内其它环境因子产生一定的影响，较低温度环境使地温降低，相对湿度下降；较高温度环境使地温升高，相对湿度也升高。2．不同温度管理对黄瓜生长指标和产量产生一定的影响，春茬黄瓜的株高、叶片数、产量与积温、最低温度呈正相关，相关系数达到显著或极显著水平，得到的回归方程为：Y=0.4869**X1+0.1859X2-33.3120*（Y：株高增量，X1：积温，X2：最低温度）Y=0.0065**X1+0.2199X2-1.9801*（Y：叶片数增量，X1：积温，X2：最低温度）Y=2.3961**X1+3.1022*X2-35. 1801*（Y：产量，X1：积温，X2：最低温度）秋茬黄瓜株高、叶片数与积温呈显著正相关，产量与积温、最低温度、地温的相关系数均达到显著水平，得到的回归方程为：Y=0.4947**X1-22.0112**（Y：株高增量，X1：积温）Y=0.0389**X1-3.0200**（Y：叶片数增量，X1：积温）Y=1.1086*X1+36.8852*X2+24.1504X3-497.3929*（Y：产量，X1：积温，X2：最低温度，X3：地温）3．不同温度管理对黄瓜叶片中相关理化指标产生一定的影响，春茬试验结果表明，较低温度环境使光合色素含量、硝酸还原酶活性、蔗糖含量、可溶性糖含量、转化酶活性、IAA 含量降低；使可溶性蛋白含量升高；使 POD 活性、CAT 活性、GA3含量、ABA 含量先升高后降低；秋茬试验结果认为，除可溶性糖、蔗糖、POD、CAT 及三种激素的变化规律不明显，其它理化指标基本与春茬趋势一致，只是秋茬各处理间的差异较小。4.不同温度管理对黄瓜发病情况的影响不大，无论是春茬黄瓜还是秋茬黄瓜处理间差别均不显著。5．不同温度管理对黄瓜的商品性的影响不同，较低温度环境降低黄瓜的商品性，使弯曲瓜增多，但对黄瓜的营养品质影响不大。更多还原

【Abstract】 The experiment use cucumber as materials, There were two stubble cultivation includingspring stubble and autumn stubble. Three temperature environment (A、B and C)were setted upby opening back slope ,back wall and front ventilation mouth or cover of many layers ortemporary hightened temperature. Jinchun 3 was used in spring stubble and Jinyou 1 was used inautumn stubble. The experiment initially ascertained that different temperature conditions ingreenhouse influence on growth and yield of cucumber by studying different temperaturetreatments effect on atmosphere factors (air temperature, ground temperature and relativehumidity), growth, correlated physio-biochemical index and yield of cucumber, which couldprovide reasonable temperature parameters for greenhouse cucumber cultivation in our province.The results were as follows:1. Different temperature managements had certain influence over environment factors, the lowertemperature treatments reduced ground temperature and relative humidity, The highertemperature treatments heighten ground temperature and relative humidity.2. Temperature had certain influence over growth index and yield of cucumber, plant heights、leafamount and yield of spring stubble cucumber had positive correlation with accumulatedtemperature and minimum temperature, and correlated modulus achieved remarkable or veryremarkable level. The regress equations were as follows: Y=0.4869**X1+0.1859X2-33.3120*（Y：plant height increment, X1：accumulated temperature，X2：minimum temperature） Y=0.0065**X1+0.2199X2-1.9801*（Y：leaf amount increment, X1：accumulated temperature，X2：minimum temperature） Y=2.3961**X1+3.1022*X2-35. 1801*（Y：yield，X1：accumulated temperature，X2 minimum temperature） Plant height and leaf amount of autumn stubble cucumber had very remarkable positivecorrelation with accumulated temperature, the correlated modulus of yield and accumulatedtemperature, minimum temperature, ground temperature achieved very remarkable level. Theregress equations were as follows: Y=0.4947**X1-22.0112**（Y：plant height increment, X1：accumulated temperature） Ⅵ<WP=10>Abstract Y=0.0389**X1-3.0200**（Y：leaf amount increment ,X1：accumulated temperature） Y=1.1086*X1+36.8852*X2+24.1504X3-497.3929*（Y：yield，X1：accumulated temperature， X2：minimum temperature，X3：ground temperature)3. Temperature had certain influence over physio-biochemical index in cucumber leaves. Theexperiment results in spring stubble indicated that the lower temperature reduced photosynthesiscontent,nitric acid reduce enzyme activation ,cane sugar content ,soluble sugar content,transformenzyme activation ,IAA content , and increased the soluble protein content . POD activation,CATactivation,GA3 content and ABA content first increased and then reduced. The experiment resultsin autumn stubble thought that changed regulars of soluble sugar content, cane sugar, POD, CAT,three kinds of endogenous hormones content were not obvious, the other phsio-biochemicalindexes were essential consistent with the trend of spring stubble. Difference among alltreatments in autumn stubble was not obvious.4. temperature managements had less influence over disease occurrence on cucumber. Differenceamong treatments on autumn and spring stubble cucumber was not remarkable.5. temperature managements had different influence over cucumber commodity, the lowertemperature treatments reduced cucumber commodity, and increased the amount of bentcucumbers, but had less influence over nutrition quality.更多还原