【作者】 龙腾宇；

【导师】 胡思节；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文在分析现有数控钻尖磨床特点的基础上，设计了基于PC的开放式数控体系结构，对原有系统进行整体重构。该系统采用PC+电机控制卡形式构建。 本文提出了针对钻尖磨床的开放式数控软件的设计方法，分析了其软件的总体结构。按照面向对象的程序设计方法设计了软件的各功能单元模块，完成了钻型参数输入、伺服电机运动控制、人机界面实时显示、数控系统参数配置等功能。对钻尖刃磨数控代码的生成、校验、编译等处理过程进行了分析，在此基础上开发出了用于钻尖磨床的基于PC的数控系统软件。 另一方面，针对钻头刃磨过程中定位方式和自动检测过程的问题，本文论证了采用计算机视觉技术实现钻头视觉定位检测的可行性。分析了钻头视觉定位的原理，提出了钻头视觉定位的实现方法，同时对钻沟螺旋角的视觉检测方法进行了分析，提出了基于计算机视觉的螺旋角的自动检测方法。在此基础上，对钻头视觉定位和钻沟螺旋角检测中的图像处理关键技术进行了研究，对图像增强，边缘提取和细化中的各种算法进行了分析比较，尤其对与定位精度和钻沟螺旋角计算密切相关的边缘提取算法进行了重点分析，并从中总结出了适用于钻头视觉定位检测的一整套图像处理方法。最后对摄像头的部分参数进行了标定，对影响视觉定位检测精度的因素进行了分析，提出了相关解决方法。 根据钻头视觉定位检测原理和相关图像处理算法，本文开发了基于计算机视觉技术的钻头视觉定位检测软件模块，并将其集成在数控系统软件中。钻头在刃磨前，计算机自动完成钻头图像采集，图像分析处理和定位及螺旋角检测等功能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the analysis of the NC drill point grinder in existence, the Open Architecture CNC System based on PC is designed, the primary NC system is restructured completely by the structure of PC + motion control card.In this article, the design thinking of the software of the open NC system aiming at the drill point grinder is advanced, the whole structure of the software is analyzed, the function unit modules are designed by the object-oriented design method, which include functions about inputting of the parameters of various drill types, motion controlling of the servo motors, real time showing of the interface, parameters setting of NC system, and the processing of the NC code for drill is analyzed. On the base of the above, the software of the NC system for drill point grinder is developed.In addition, aiming at the questions of the drill orientation method in drill grinding and automatic inspecting of helix angle, this article demonstrates the feasibility that realize the drill orientation and inspecting by computer vision technology, analyzes the primary principle of drill vision orientation, puts forward the measure of vision orientation of drill in drill grinder. Meanwhile, the article analyzes the vision inspecting measure for helix angle, brings forward the calculational methods of helix angle based on computer vision. Based on the above, the key image processing technology used in drill vision orientation is researched, the arithmetics of image enhancement, edge detection and line thinning are analyzed. Especially, the edge detection arithmetic that works on the orientation precision is analyzed emphasisly. Subsequently, whole image processing technology for drill vision orientation and inspecting of drill’s helix angle is concluded. Finally, the part parameters of vidicon are demarcated, the factors that affect the precision of drill orientation and inspecting of drill’s helix angle are analyzed, correlative measures are advanced.According to the principles of vision orientation and inspecting of drill and image processing arithmetics, this article develops the software module for drill orientation and inspecting based on the computer vision,which is integrated in the software of NC system. Before the drill grinding, the functions of image detection, image analysis, drill orientation and inspecting are realized automatically by computer.更多还原