【作者】 刘志芹；

【导师】 牛树奎； 胡迎庆；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 生态学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 从植物中寻找生物活性物质是目前开发新兴杀菌剂的重要途径之一。本论文在综述了植物多酚的概念及分类、多酚的分布及抑菌研究进展等的基础上，选用了4科7种植物，包括松科植物落叶松、樟子松，桦木科植物白桦、黑桦、西南桦，柏科植物侧柏，龙舌兰科植物龙血树等的树皮或树叶作为供试植物材料。并对其提取物的抑菌活性进行较为系统的测定，为植物源农药的开发寻找新的可行的植物资源。 试验中用石油醚脱脂，以甲醇作为溶剂采用回流提取法提取多酚；用显色反应进行酚羟基的检识；用紫外分光光度计(UV-VWAS)进行总多酚含量的测定，采用试管液基倍比稀释法进行抗真菌活性试验，并测定其最小抑菌浓度(MIC)值。得到如下结果：(1) 所选用的植物材料中均含有酚羟基；(2) 选用的植物材料中以落叶松树皮多酚含量最高，黑桦树皮次之，西南桦树叶和黑桦树叶多酚含量最低；(3) 白桦树皮中多酚含量有随海拔高度增高而增加，到一定海拔后有逐渐下降的趋势；(4) 供试植物样品的抑菌试验结果表明：血竭和落叶松树皮、白桦树皮、侧柏叶、樟子松树皮的提取物抑菌效果较显著，落叶松针、西南桦树叶的提取物抑菌效果较差。更多还原

【Abstract】 It was an important way to search new fungicides from plants.Plant polyphenols existed in plants universally. It was summarized in thwas text that the application studies of polyphenols and anti-fungal of polyphenols which were extracted from plants.On the base, the cortex and leaves of 7 classes of 4 families were chosen as materials in the experiment.They were Larix gmelinii, Pinus sylvestrwas L.var. mongolica Litv of family Pinus and Betula platyphylla, Betula dahurica, Belula alnoides of family Betula, Platycladus orientalwas of family Cupressus, Dracaena ombet Kotschy of family Maguey. To found new and feasible plant in exploiture of plant source-pesticede, anti-fungal of plant extracts was detemined systemicly.The reflux extraction was employed to degrease the materials by petroleum ether and extract polyphenols by methyl alcohol. Phenolic hydroxyl was tested through color development reaction and the content of total polyphenols was determined by UV-VWAS. The test tube dilution method was employed to test the anti-fungal activity and measure the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). Conclusions: (1) The phenol hydroxyl exwasts in all experimented materials. (2) The content of polyphenols in the cortex of Larix gmelinii was high, in the leaves of Betula dahurica and Belula alnoides was least. (3) With the altitude heighting, the content of polyphenols in Betula platyphylla keeps increasing to the top at a certain altitude, then reduces. (4) The extracts from the cortex of Dracaena ombet Kotschy, Larix gmelinii, Betula platyphylla and Pinus sylvestrwas L.var. mongolica Litv. and the extracts from leaves of Platycladus orientalwas had distinct anti-fungal. The extracts from leaves of Larix gmelinii and Belula alnoides had little anti-fungal.更多还原