【作者】 丛磊；

【导师】 刘燕；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 园林植物与观赏园艺， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 金链花与红花山楂是观赏价值很高的观花乔木。本文对从法国引种的金链花和红花山楂的物候期、生长节律、抗逆性研究入手，以同科、属的北京乡土树种，槐树和山楂为参照，观察两树种在北京引种的适应性，为栽培养护措施的制定提供了参考。同时对它们繁殖技术进行了初步探讨。结果如下： 1、金链花与槐树芽萌动期一致，但抽梢展叶慢、落叶迟；喜热、耐干，枝条生长量与月平均气温正相关；耐旱性比槐树强，耐热、抗寒性比槐树差。 2、金链花可以用扦插繁殖。早春硬枝扦插，以珍珠岩作基质，5000×10^-6IBA与600×10^-6NAA混合液或600×10^-6NAA浸泡插条5～8秒，生根率达到30～33％；秋季软枝扦插，以细沙作基质，2000×10^-6IBA与600×10^-6NAA混合液处理插条5～8秒，生根率为55％。金链花可以嫁接繁殖，以同属的苏格兰金链花为砧木嫁接成功，但与同科非同属的8种植物嫁接没有成活。 3、红花山楂芽萌动期、落叶期都晚于山楂；喜高温、高湿、不耐干旱，枝条生长量与月降水量正相关；耐热、耐旱、抗寒性比山楂差，但与槐树相近似。 4、红花山楂可以嫁接繁殖，砧木选用辽宁山楂、彰武山楂、甘肃山楂等，嫁接成活率高达85～100％。扦插繁殖没有成功，可以产生愈伤组织，但不生根。 5、通过引种理论分析，及引种北京露地栽培一年的生长表现，金链花与红花山楂可塑性强、生态适应性广，自身具有潜在较强的耐热、耐旱、抗寒性。引种北京初期，冬季须采取必要的防寒措施，经2～3年驯化后，两树种应该可以在北京露地越冬，正常生长。更多还原

【Abstract】 Goldenchain Tree and Midland Hawthorn are very good ornamental trees. The phenology, growth rhythm and adversity-resistant were investigated after they were introduced into Beijing. The adaptation was analyzed by comparing those and some physiological items to that of some local trees: Sophorajaponica (in the same family with goldenchain tree) and Crataegus pinatifida (in the same genus with midland hawthorn). That would be helpful for making methods of planting and management. The propagation technique of them also was researched.The results as follows:1, The Goldenchain Tree’s sprouting time is identical with Sophorajaponica, but the buds opening and development is slow and falling time of leaves are later than that of Sophorajaponica. It prefers the heat and humidity to dry environment. The growth of branch is positive to monthly average temperature. Its ability of droungt-torlerance is strong than that of Sophora japonica. But heat-torlerance and cold-torlerance are weaker than later’s.2, Cutting is the best way for Goldenchain propagation. Hardwood cutting picked in the early of spring and dipped in mixture solution of 5000 ppm IBA and 600 ppm NAA or 600 ppm NAA for 5-8 second , with perline as media the rootage rate is 30-33 %. Soft wood cutting picked in autumn and dipped in mixture solution of 2000 ppm IBA and 600 ppm NAA for 5-8 second , with fine sand as media the rootage rate is 55% . Goldenchain also can be propagated by grafting on Labunum alpinum. But using other plants from Leguminosae as rootstocks, no buts survival.3, The date of sprouting and defoliation of Midland Hawthorn are later than that of hawthorn. It prefers high temperature and humidity to dry environment. The growth of branch is positive to monthly precipitation. Compare with hawthorn, the heat-torlerance, droungt-torlerance and cold-torlerance are all weaker. But those are consistent with that of Sophora japonica’s.4, Grafting is the best way for Midland Hawthorn propagation. The survival rate of grafting is 80-100% with our local hawthorns as the rootstock. It is difficult topropagate by cutting. Cutting only produces callus but no roots.5, According to the theory of introduction and the behave of those two kinds tree at the first year in Beijing , we draw a rough conclusion: Golenchain Tree and Midland Hawthorn has strong ability to adapt the climate of Beijing. They would growth well through the winter and survive in Beijing after anther 1-2 years’ domestication.更多还原