【作者】 胡志方；

【导师】 谷拴成；

【作者基本信息】 西安科技大学 ， 岩土工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 公路工程中存在大量深挖方路堑，如果工程选择不合理将会造成环境破坏，引起后期潜在灾难性问题（如滑坡等）。本文总结了深挖方路堑存在的问题。阐述了目前公路设计的指导思想。对浅埋隧道方案和深挖方路堑方案从直接工程费用、长期经济效益、生态环保等方面进行了比较分析，探讨了浅埋隧道方案替代深挖方路堑方案的可能性以及优越性。 本文从工程经济角度出发，由深挖方路堑与浅埋隧道方案工程费用相等得出深挖方路堑的临界挖深hL为下限值。当深挖方路堑挖深小于临界挖深hL时采用深挖方路堑方案，当深挖方路堑挖深大于 hL时采用隧道方案。 总结了浅埋隧道的围岩压力及衬砌内力的计算方法。用荷载结构模型中的假定抗力法推导了偏压荷载情况时半圆衬砌的计算公式。指出偏压荷载作用下的隧道衬砌内力计算可以采用基于假定抗力法的荷载结构模型进行计算。本文假定弹性抗力按二次抛物线分布，取全拱为基本结构，由拱顶截面的相对转角、相对水平位移和相对垂直位移为零的条件列出变形协调方程，再增加最大弹性抗力处的变形协调条件和弹性抗力为零处径向位移为零的变形协调条件，解方程组求解得出衬砌结构的弹性抗力分布及内力。阐述了基于假定抗力法的偏压荷载作用下衬砌内力计算的一般方法，指出用此法的关键在于弹性抗力分布规律假定的正确性。根据推导的公式编制了相应的程序，以对称荷载和偏压荷载的简单情况为算例计算得出了衬砌结构的弹性抗力分布及内力图，当荷载对称时求得弹性抗力分布及内力图对称，表明推导公式的正确性。指出从偏压隧道实际工程中总结其弹性抗力分布规律是假定抗力法付诸应用的一个简单有效的方法。利用荷载结构模型数值方法研究了一般曲墙式衬砌在土质浅埋偏压情况下随着围岩弹性抗力系数减小的位移和变形特点，给出一个在围岩弹性抗力系数较小时的改进的隧道衬砌结构形式。更多还原

【Abstract】 There are mang heavy cuttings in highway engineering.If the choice is illogicality ,environmental disruption will arose ,bringing late stage tragic problems(such as landslide). Thispaper summarizes the problems of the heavy cutting projects. And the design philosophy ofenvironmental protection and sustainable development in the highway design is introduced.Heavy cutting project is compared with shallow buried tunnel project in engineering cost,long-lasting economic benefit, environmental protection. And this paper advises that shallowburied tunnel be used in the highway building. From heavy cutting is equal to shallow buried tunnel ,this paper gets the critical deepeningengineering cost hL as lower limit. Heavy cuttings are used when deepening is less than hL;Deep buried tunnel is used when deepening is more than hL. The wall rock pressure and lining internal force computing method of the shallow buriedtunnel is summarized. Assumed resisting power method of load-structure model is used tocalculate hemicycle lining under bias load.And this paper assumes that resisting power is accordwith parabola, gets all arch as basic configuration, gets formulation from the condition that therelative corner , horizontal displacement and vertical displacement of vault section iszero,adds deformation condition of maximum resisting power and zero resisting power, solvesequation group to get the internal force of lining . And lining internal force computing methodunder bias load based on assumed resisting power method is formulized.And this paper pointsout the key of this method is if the assumed regularities of distribution of wall rock resistingpower is correct.According to the deductive formulas programme is written to calculate theresisting power and internal force of the lining under symmetrical load and bias load.Theresisting power and internal force is symmetrical when the load is symmetrical which indicatesthat the formula is correct.This paper indicates that a simple effective method to apply theformula is to summarize the rule of the resisting power from the bias tunnel engineering.Finallynumerical method of load-structure model is used to study on the displacement and deformation<WP=4>of bend liner with the minishing wall rock resisting power modulus,and a ameliorated liner isgiven when the wall rock resisting power modulus is small.更多还原