农地使用权交易制度研究

【作者】 孙凌云；

【导师】 肖乾刚；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 经济法学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 土地是人类社会的稀缺性资产，其自然供给的无弹性使土地产权的流动对经济的发展乃至人类社会的生存至关重要。农地使用权即是土地承包经营权物权化后的一种土地使用权，它与基地使用权一起构成农村土地使用权的完整体系。农地使用权交易制度是为了实现合理配置农地资源的目标而确立的。本文拟从分析农地使用权交易现状与存在的问题出发，以相关理论为依据，并借鉴国外在农地产权制度与农地使用权交易方面的成功经验，在此基础上创新和完善农地使用权交易制度。 本文除了引论和结语，正文包括四部分： 第一部分，分析了土地承包经营权的交易现状，从中发现存在着许多的问题，需要对其进行改革。农地使用权交易制度正是具备了合理配置农地资源的优势从而成为改革的选择。 第二部分，从分析土地的本质属性入手，论述了土地产权交易的必要性和可能性，然后又从制度变迁理论和两权分离理论两个方面阐述了农地使用权交易制度建立的理论基础。 第三部分，以俄罗斯、东欧国家、美国、日本的农地产权制度与农地产权交易实践为例，分析了这些国家的成功经验与不足，从而为我国农地使用权交易制度的建立提供方向性的借鉴。 第四部分，创新和完善农地使用权交易制度。首先，指出了农地使用权交易制度应追求的创新目标模式，即物权式的农地使用权交易模式。然后，归纳出了农地使用权交易应遵循的原则：登记原则、合同自由原则、有偿原则和效率原则。在此前提之下，提出了四点创新和完善的建议：明晰土地所有权主体；建立以市场为主体配置农地资源的机制，同时对政府过度干预的行为进行约束；构建农地使用权交易中介组织；给出了农地使用权交易的实施建议。最后指出，完善农地使用权交易制度还必须注重与配套制度的融合。更多还原

【Abstract】 The land is the scarce property of human society. The inelasticity of its natural supply determines the transaction of land rights is crucial to economy development and the existence of human society. The rights to use farmland that is transferred from the management right of contracted land is a kind of the land use rights. It and the rights to use base land form the entire system of the rural land use rights. The establishment of the transaction system of the rights to use farmland is just for the sake of the effective disposition of the farmland resources. The paper begins with the analysis of the present situation of the farmland use rights’ transaction system and the existent problems. It bases on the related theories and refers to successful experience from the abroad in the farmland use rights’ transaction. Then, the author points out how to create and perfect the transaction system of the farmland use rights.Besides the general introduction and conclusion, the paper includes 4 parts:Parti. In this part, the author gives the analysis of the present transaction situation of the management right of contracted land and finds many problems from it. So it demands innovating. As for a transaction system that has the advantage of disposing farmland resources effectively, it should be chosen for innovation.Part2. In this part, the author sets out with the analysis of the land’ s innate attribute and discusses that the transaction of land rights is necessary and possible. Then, from the views of the theory of Institutional Change and the theory of the separation of the ownership and the use right, the author expatiates upon the theory on which the transaction system of the farmland use rights are based.Part3. In this part, after analyzing the related theories from the abroad, the author sums up the advantages and the shortages that are ahint for the building of the transaction system of the farmland use rights.Part4. In this part, the author points out the creative object mode that the transaction system should pursue and induces the principles that it should follow. Then, the author puts forward 4 suggestions to create and perfect it and points out that perfecting it must still be fused with the related institutions.更多还原