湖南高岭土的资源类型及低质高岭土的开发利用研究

【作者】 刘纯波；

【导师】 张术根；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 矿物学、岩石学、矿床学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 高岭土因具有许多优良的物理性能和化学性能，获得了广泛的应用，成为当今世界三大支柱性矿物原料之一。本文在综合分析我国主要高岭土矿床类型特征的基础上，划分和总结了湖南高岭土矿床的类型及产出特征，系统地研究了湖南各主要类型高岭土矿床的矿物学特征，并进行了开发利用途径的评价，获得了相应的开发利用方向，最后以湖南黔阳煤系的常德青峰煤矸石为原料，进行了部分产品的试验研究，取得的主要的成果和结论如下： (1) 在湖南辰溪长田湾—仙人湾一带首次发现古岩溶洞穴充填型高岭土矿床，丰富了湖南高岭土矿床的资源类型； (2) 系统地研究了湖南高岭土矿床的类型及产出特征，将其划分为风化残积型、古岩溶洞穴充填型、含煤建造沉积型、碎屑建造沉积型四大类，并指出湖南含煤建造高岭土主要赋存于测水煤系、龙潭煤系、黔阳煤系、石门口煤系等四套煤系地层之中。 (3) 首次运用化学成分分析、扫描电镜观察、X射线衍射分析、红外光谱分析、差热分析等现代测试手段对湖南高岭土中的古岩溶洞穴充填型、含煤建造沉积型两大类型的矿物学特征进行了全面系统的研究。研究表明，湖南高岭土的矿物学特征主要受矿区地形、地层、构造、岩浆活动及变质作用的影响； (4) 综合研究表明，湖南高岭土资源的开发利用途径广，既具有低层次的整体利用型，也具有高层次的深加工利用型，并且因其资源类型的不同而各有所侧重； (5) 选用湖南黔阳煤系的常德青峰煤矿煤矸石为原料，采用酸浸法和水热直接晶化合成法分别制备合成了净水剂聚合氯化铝和A型沸石分子筛，初步确定了其工艺流程及参数，为今后产业化的实现提供了强有力的技术支持。更多还原

【Abstract】 Kaolin is one of the three mineral materials in the world, was widely applied due to its many excellent physical, chemical performances. On the base of analyzing systhetically the characters of main kaolin deposits types in China,ploted out and summarized the types of kaolin deposits and characters in occurences in Hunan,and researched systematically the mineralogical characters of different types of kaolin deposits. The paper also carried through the analysis of utilization approaches, obtained the corresponding using directions, and carried through finally the utilizing experiments on the coal gangue of Qianyang coal series in Qingfeng mine Changde, the main productions and conclusions have achieved as following:1 .The type of ancient Karst cave-filling was firstly discovered and investigated in the region of Changtianwan-Xianrenwan in Chenxi county,and enriched the types of kaolin deposits in Hunan.2.On the base of the main types of kaolin deposits in China,the paper researched systematically the kaolin deposits in Hunan,and compartmentalized the four main types, such as weathering residual type, ancient Karst cave- filling type , coal bearing fabricative sedimentary type, the chipping fabricative sedimentary type,and pointed out the coal bearing fabricative sedimentary type located the four coal series strata ofCeshui, Longtan, Qianyang, Shimenkou.3. The mineralogical characters of ancient Karst cave-filling type, coal bearing fabricative sedimentary type kaolin deposits in Hunan were firstly researched by the means of XRD, SEM, FTIR and TDA-TG analysis,which indicated the mineralogical characters of kaolin deposits in Hunan were mainly controlled by the terrain , strata , structure , magma activity , metamorphic processing .4.Comprehensive research suggested abroad utilization directions of kaolin resource possessed in Hunan, with low level integrating using type and high level deep processing using type,and varied with the different types.5. The paper adopted acid lixiviating and hydrothermal method to prepare and systhesis Polymeric Aluminum Chloride Flocculant and A molecular sieve by using the coal gangue of Qingfeng in Changde ,obtained preferably effect,and confimed primarily the technical flows and parameters, which provided the strongly technological sustainment for the future industrialization.更多还原