《内经》方法论及其基础哲学研究

【作者】 史新民；

【导师】 孙桐；

【作者基本信息】 南京中医药大学 ， 中医基础理论， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文主要包括两部分内容，第一部分简要探讨《内经》方法论的主要内容、认识论上的特点及其形成的社会历史背景。认为秦汉以来的社会思潮，特别是当时盛行的周易及阴阳五行思想是《内经》方法论的理论源头，汉代以农业为主的宗族社会以及天文、冶金、化学等科技发展对《内经》的思想方法产生了重大影响。认为《内经》的方法论，内容丰富多彩，主要包括解剖法、以表知里法、观其冥冥法、别异比类法、唯象思维等。第二部分对《内经》方法论所依赖的哲学基础，包括时间观，阴阳关系实在论，因果观和全息逻辑方法作了分析。认为阴阳本身包含着时空观念，时间观是贯穿《内经》方法论的主线，阴阳是关系而非实体，同时认为《内经》对因果问题的诸多侧面已有所认识，其全息逻辑方法也颇具特色。本研究课题的指导思想是，以辨证唯物主义为武器，从现代哲学的角度看《内经》，以冀使《内经》的研究成为中医基础理论创新的源头、中西医学交流的桥梁。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the first part of this thesis the author attempts to examine the object matter in the methodology employed by the Canon of Internal Medicine and the epistemological features, as well as the historical background that had fostered such features, of this classic documentation. The author believes that the ethos since the Qin and Han Dynasties, especially the prevailing the theories in the Book of Changes and those of the Yin Yang and the Five Elements, had been the theoretical origin of the methodologies in the Canon of Internal Medicine, which was also immensely influenced by the development of the patriarchal social structure and progress in the sciences of astronomy, metallurgy, chemistry, etc. The method of dissection, the way of observing in darkness, the way of knowing interior syndromes through exterior syndrome ,the way of distinguish syndromes through analysing and comparing their differences, and the way of studing everything through its images are the major component of the rich methodological bases of the Canon. The second part of this thesis is devoted to the analysis of the various philosophies that are the indispensable ingredients of the methodology in the Canon, including the perception of time, entity of the relations between Yin and Yang, cause-and-effect theory and holographic logic. The author proposes that Yin and Yang theory by itself contains the perception of time, which is the main thrust manifested throughout the methodology of the Canon. Yin and Yang belongs to the scope of relations rather than actual entities, and the Canon has recognized some of the myriad aspects of cause and effect, with its unique employment of the holographic logic. Though limited by his own academic perceptions in carrying out further intensive studies, the author urges viewing the Canon from the perspective of contemporary philosophies on the basis of dialectical materilism, to reestablish the Canon as the origin of innovations in the fundamental theories of traditional Chinese medicine, for the benefit of exchanging ideas between western and tradition Chinese medicine.更多还原