【作者】 吴争荣；

【导师】 李晓明；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 电力系统及其自动化， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 电压是衡量电能质量的一个重要指标，电压的变化对用户的运行特性有很大的影响，而无功功率与电压水平有着密切的联系，无功功率在电力网络中的流动产生电压损耗，为了提高电压水平电力部门采用了多种措施调压措施，其中电压无功综合控制是变电站提高电压水平降损节能最有效的方法。本文从电压无功综合控制的基本原理出发，说明了变压器分接头的调节与并联电容器投入容量的大小对电网电压的影响。传统的电压无功控制不考虑变压器分接头和电容器组数调节所产生的电压和无功增量对调节控制的影响，容易产生的调节振荡，增加了系统受冲击的次数。针对这些问题本文提出了计及调节增量的电压无功协调控制方法，该方法计及在调节变压器分接头和无功补偿电容器组数时所产生的电压和无功功率的变化，从而，可准确地确定电压无功控制的控制目标，避免调节振荡。许多新型的电压无功控制策略引入了人工智能技术，但其在实现过程中存在着很多困难，并且没有达到真正意义上的控制目的一使网损达到最小。计及调节增量的电压无功协调控制综合考虑了改变变压器分接头与投切电容器的实际效果。由于在电压调节过程中随着系统电压的变化，线路电压损耗、负荷消耗的功率及电容器的无功出力将发生变化，因此，在电压的调节过程中通过考虑上述量的变化使调节更加准确、使网损达到最低，实现调节一次成功，从而降低了变压分接头开关的动作次数，增强了变压器运行可靠性。 本文根据现场的需求提出了以MCS96单片机为核心的硬件结构，提高了系统的数据处理能力。为了提高控制系统的安全与可靠性，加强了闭锁、保护功能的设计，确保当系统本身出现异常情况或电网中出现故障时保护装置能迅速动作。硬件、软件的设计上采取了多种措施增强系统的抗干扰能力。最后以模拟试验与实例仿真的结果验证了计及调节增量的电压无功协调控制策略具有良好的控制效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Voltage is one of important criterion to weigh the power quality,the change on voltage makes great effect on load opperating-characteristic,reactive power is near to voltage level,the flow of reactive power in transmission net causes voltage loss power institute take many measures to improve the voltage level,thereinto, voltage and reactive power integrated control is most effective measure to lessen the power loss and improve the voltage level.The basic theory for voltage and reactive control and the taps changed in transformer and shunt capacitor switched affect the voltage value are discussed in the paper.The oscillation is easily generated and the times is increased the power suffer impact because increment is ignored by traditional criterion for voltage and reactive control. The criterion of voltage and reactive power control considering the increment of adjusting is put forward corresponding to these problem in this paper,this criterion can confirm the adjusting object for voltage and reactive power control exactly and can avoid the oscillation.Many new criterion have adopted artificial intelligence but it is difficult to realize them besides they can’t really realize the controlling object-make the power loss reach to bottom.The power loss in line , the power assumption on load and the contribution of the shunt capacitor change when voltage is adjusted,so adjustment can be exactly realized and the times of taps changer when considering these increment.In the hardware of this control system,the MCS96 single-chip-microcomputer system is adopted under demand of field,the ability of data processing is strengthened.In order to improve safety and reliability of control,the blocking is designed,when in the fault of the control system and the power system ,the protect set can make use.Many measures are used to anti-jamming in this design In the end of the this papers simulation experiment aml emulational example verify the fine effect of the criterion.更多还原