【作者】 赵远翔；

【导师】 何英明；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 结构工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 由于设计理论和计算手段的限制，作为多层厂房主要承重体系的钢筋混凝土或钢框架结构，目前大多仍然采用传统的平面框架结构分析的设计计算方法，由于对结构体系实际存在的空间作用性能没有足够的认识，缺乏相应的分析方法和手段，导致厂房结构梁柱的截面尺寸随设备容量的扩大而不合理地增大，肥梁胖柱的现象多有发生。随着工业厂房设备容量和荷载的增大，这一现象更加明显。有关厂房整体空间作用的研究在国内外已有不少，但大多针对水平荷载，在竖向荷载作用下结构的空间作用研究很少。因为结构纵向联系构件在竖向平面的刚度很小，一般情况下忽略不计。但是，对于承受一些特定的较大设备荷载的厂房结构，特别是各榀横向平面框架的刚度不同时，在竖向荷载作用下的空间作用有一定的体现。本文通过结构试验和有限元计算对竖向荷载作用下厂房框架整体进行了探讨。 产生框架整体空间作用的条件有两个：一是各横向框架之间必须有纵向构件将它们联系起来，另一个是各横向框架彼此的情况不同——或者是结构的不同，或者是承受的荷载不同。局部荷载比纵向分布荷载作用下的厂房整体空间作用要大些，而各榀框架如果结构相同并且受力相同则可视为平面框架结构进行内力计算。实际中，一些厂房局部承受特殊设备荷载，如本文研究的结构模型为某火力发电厂主厂房除氧煤仓间框架结构，此结构承受的大的设备荷载有煤斗、煤(煤粉)、除氧器和除氧水箱(含水重)、粗(细)粉分离器、高(低)压加热器及管道支吊架等，这样就使各榀框架承受的荷载并不相同。 本文完成了竖向荷载作用下多层框架模型的静力试验研究，实测各榀框架在竖向荷载作用下受力情况，并采用通用有限元分析软件ANSYS进行计算分析，计算值与试验值相比较。从试验结果与ANSYS计算比较分析中，对多层钢筋混凝土框架结构的空间作用进行初步研究。 经过研究，本文认为： 竖向荷载作用下的空间作用相对不是很大，空间作用影响范围只涉及到相邻平面框架。 在竖向荷载作用下，其空间作用与加载平面框架在整个空间框架结构的相对位置有关；在同一跨框架梁上作用集中荷载比作用均布荷载的空间作用大；平面框架刚度变化对竖向荷载作用下的空间作用有一定影响。 纵向梁刚度、框架的柱距、框架梁的跨度等结构因素在有限制的范围内对于框架在竖向荷载作用下的空间作用有一定的影响，且具有一定的规律。更多还原

【Abstract】 Reinforced concrete structures or steel structures as bearing system in factory are generally designed according to traditional computational methods of planar frame due to limitations in design theories and concerning approaches. Meanwhile, sectional sizes of structural columns and beams are over enlarged with increasing equipment capabilities because space work of the structural system is not fully understood, lack of reasonable solution. However, with further increased capabilities of factory equipment and concerning loads, this so-called "fatty columns and beams" phenomenon become more and more prominent. Researches on overall space work of factory buildings at home and abroad are often seen, yet few are aimed at structures under vertical loads instead of horizontal loads. The reason may be that vertical rigidity is usually dismissed as small rigidity values of longitudinal connecting bars count little in the vertical plane. But for factory structures under great equipment loads, the space work is shown more or less especially when every horizontal frame is different in rigidity. Based on model test and finite element computation, the overall space work of factory structures is analyzed and researched.The space work is shown only under two conditions: one is that horizontal frames must be connected by longitudinal bars; the other is that every horizontal frame needs to be different in ways such as structure or loads, etc. The internal forces can be calculated for planar frame if every frame is equally loaded and in the same structural form while overall space work under the local loads is greater than that under longitudinally distributed loads. Actually, local parts of the factory house, for example, deoxidization bunker in the main workshop of a heat-engine plant as a frame structure, are subjected to special equipment loads, which are unevenly distributed among every frame. These loads are originally coming from coal scuttle, pulverized coal, desecrator, water tank (including water weight), fineness separator, heator of high and low pressure, pipe support and suspension, etc.Static model test of the multistory fame under the vertical load is carried out to measure loaded behaviors of each frame. Meanwhile, finite element software ANSYS is used for concerning analysis and calculation. The space work of multistory concrete reinforced frame is preliminarily researched with compared results between the model test and ANSYS calculation.Main conclusions can be drawn as below after careful research,Relatively speaking, the space work is not strong under vertical loads, which is only influential for adjacent planar frames.The space work correlates with the position relative to the overall structure in which directly loaded frame locates under vertical loads. If the same frame beam is loaded, overall space work under the concentrated load is greater than that under uniform loads. The change in the rigidity of planar frame has some influence on space work under the vertical load.Factors such as rigidity of longitudinal beam, column spacing of the frame, frame beam span etc. have certain influence on the space work under the vertical load in the normal structure change and concerning rules can be reflected.更多还原