【作者】 郝华；

【导师】 王树义；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 环境与资源保护法学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 自然保护区的兴起，往往是人类对自然资源过度利用和环境破坏而被迫采取的强制性措施。作为一个国家为保护和恢复自然环境而划定的特殊保护区域，它既是构成整体环境的一种环境要素，又是保护自然生态环境严格和有效的形式。近年来，自然保护区建设和管理水平成为衡量一个国家文明程度与环境健康水平的重要标尺之一。 作为拥有世界10％以上生物物种的国家，我国自然保护区的总数已经达到1757个，面积达到1.33亿公顷，在保护生物多样性方面取得很大的成效。但是长期以来实行的封闭式管理，忽视了保护区及其周边社区居民的利益需求，导致保护与发展产生了严重冲突，对我国可持续发展战略构成了巨大威胁。 面对此种困境，本文在我国社区共管活动的实践基础上，分析了社区共管产生的必要性和可行性，并提出了构建自然保护区社区共管制度的建议。具体来说，全文共分为四个部分：第一部分自然保护区概述，对自然保护区的基本涵义、设立目的和意义以及我国自然保护区概况进行了分析；第二部分社区共管的产生和发展，提出社区共管的由来、国外关于社区共管的法律调控及其对我国自然保护区管理的启示；第三部分我国自然保护区社区共管相关问题研究，阐述了我国自然保护区社区共管的涵义、特征、设立理念及政策法律规定；第四部分关于构建我国自然保护区社区共管法律制度的若干思考，总结了我国社区共管活动实践的成效和经验，并对我国自然保护区社区共管制度的构建提出具体建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nature reserves result from people’s excessive utilization of natural resources and destruction of environment. As the special area for protecting and resuming natural environment in one country, nature reserve is one of environmental elements, which is the strict and effective form for protecting the natural ecological environment. In recent years, construction and management levels of nature reserves become one of the important standards of weighing a national civilization degree and the environmental health level.There are more than 10% world animals and plants species in China. These days the total amount of nature reserves has already reached 1,757 and the whole area is up to 133 million hectares in our country. The nature reserves have made great achievements in protecting bio-diversity. But the unilateral management in our country for a long time ignores the residents’ interests demands in the protection zone and its peripheral community. As a result, there is serious conflict between protecting and developing, which is the enormous threat to our country’s sustainable development strategy.Facing such problem, on the basis of practices of our country’s community co-management activities, this thesis analyzes the necessity and feasibility of community co-management, and provides some suggestions on the legal system of community co-management of nature reserves.The thesis is divided into four parts altogether:Chapter lis the general ideas about nature reserves, including the concepts, the purposes and the functions of setting up nature reserves, and general situation of nature reserves in our country.Chapter 2 provides the origin and development of community co-management, explaining its origin, and the rules of law and policies about community co-management of international community.Chapter 3 analyzes community co-management of nature reserves in our country, including concepts , characters, three ideas of setting up it and the rules of law and polices.Chapter 4 is about several thoughts on structuring the legal system of community co-management of nature reserves in our country, including the achievements of our country’s practices, and suggestions on the legal system of community co-management of our country.更多还原