【作者】 毛海霞；

【导师】 孟令奎；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 摄影测量与遥感， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 GIS在过去20多年的发展中逐渐得到广泛应用，其应用领域包括资源管理、环境治理、预防灾害、区域规划、城市管理、科研、教育和国防等多部门、多学科。但是传统的GIS应用系统，由于不能进行交互，被认为是信息孤岛。这是由于不同的GIS应用部门在进行系统开发时，通常根据本部门的特定情况，采用不同的数据建模方法、选用不同厂商的GIS软件。这使得在不同GIS软件上开发的系统间进行数据交换非常困难，传统的方法，即采用数据转换，也只能部分解决问题。另外，不同的应用部门对地理现象有不同的理解，对地理信息有不同的数据定义，这使得领域间在共同协作中进行信息共享和交流存在障碍。再一方面，随着数字地球等概念的引入，地理信息越来越丰富，数据量越来越庞大，如何管理和使用这些海量数据，如何完成不同部门以及不同应用系统之间的空间信息交换，如何发挥这些数据应有的价值，都成为GIS需要解决的问题。空间元数据概念的提出，为海量地理空间信息的有效管理、共享和增值使用提供了解决以上问题的出路，它使GIS数据共享和互操作变得简单得多。 数字图书馆的元数据和地理信息元数据存在很多相似性，这些相似性包括：规模、种类、分布、访问者和受众、发布方式等方面，当然不可否认，空间元数据比图书资源元数据更复杂，数据量更大。为了适应WWW的快速发展和数字图书馆的出现，世界各地的图书馆员和信息专家努力改善描述、组织和检索远程信息及其他电子资源的方法。在这一过程中，大量的元数据体系同时并行发展。随着元数据标准越来越多，当在不同的元数据格式描述的资源体系间进行检索、资源描述和资源利用时，就带来了新的挑战——元数据互操作问题。可幸的是，元数据标准并不是孤立发展的，为了解决互操作问题，相应出现了多种元数据互操作协议。因此，在数字图书馆领域，元数据互操作问题的解决是比较成熟的。 鉴于地理信息元数据和图书元数据在一定程度上的相似性，本文设想借鉴数字图书馆的元数据互操作协议应用于地理信息领域。OAI-PMH元数据互操作协议在数字图书馆互操作应用中体现了很大的优势，并有非常广阔的发展前景。本文提出了基于扩展的OAI-PMH元数据互操作协议在空间元数据互操作中应用的思想，试图在空间元数据的语义互操作方面进行新的尝试。 本文设计了基于OAI-PMH协议的元数据互操作研究的技术框架，并对OAI协议的内容和功能进行了扩展，扩展的内容包括OAI-PMH协议支持的元数据标准、OAI-PMH协议支持的操作参数、OAI-PMH协议的命令动词。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the past twenty years, GIS has been applied in many fields, such as resource management, environment fathering, disaster prevention, city management and so on. But traditional GIS systems are thought as "Information Islands". When different GIS departments exploit systems, they use different data modeling ways and GIS software based on their own special intentions, which made data exchanging very difficult among different GIS systems. Even through data changing, the problem can also be solved partly. On the other hand, different application departments have different comprehension and different data definition about geographic objects, which brought great barricade when information sharing and exchanging. Third, with the development of Digital Earth, the geo-information become more and more rich and the quantity of data become more and more huge. I low to manage and use these marvelous data? How to fulfill spatial information exchange among different departments and application systems? How to realize the value of these data? It is the emergence of spatial metadata made it simple for GIS data sharing and interoperation.There is much comparability between the metadata of Digital Library and GIS, such as scale, kinds, distribution, visitor and so on, of course, the latter is more complicate and marvelous than the former. In order to adapt the rapid development of WWW and the emergence of Digital Library, librarians and information specialists work hard to describe, organize and search long-distance and other electric resource. During the period, a large scale of metadata system develops. Since more and more metadata standards come out, when we search, describe and utilize resource, there is a new challenge梩he problem of metadata interoperation. Fortunately, with the development of metadata standards, many metadata interoperation protocols emerged sequentially. Consequently, the research of metadata interoperation is more successful in the field of Digital Library than that of GIS.Whereas the much comparability between the two fields, this dissertation wants to borrow some protocol from Digital Library fields. Open archive initiative protocol of metadata harvesting (OAI-PMH) shows the great superiority and the wide developing foreground on the application and interoperation in Digital Library field. The dissertation brings forward the new idea of applying OAI-PMH in spatial metadata interoperation.The dissertation brings forward a technical frame of spatial metadata interoperation based on OAI-PMH, and extends the content and function of OAI protocol.更多还原