【作者】 雷小平；

【导师】 孙更新；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 图书馆学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 随着资源描述格式的日益增多、用户统一检索的要求日益强烈，资源描述格式兼容问题越来越突出，已成为元数据研究的热点之一。针对网络环境下图书馆资源描述格式的兼容性问题，本文进行了比较系统的研究。全文共分四个部分： 第一部分，图书馆信息资源描述格式兼容的必要性研究。探讨了网络环境下图书馆信息资源描述格式的多样化问题，对其产生的背景、原因进行了分析。调查了资源描述格式不兼容的现状，对其现象和原因进行了分析。阐明了资源描述格式互不兼容所带来的弊端，提出资源描述格式兼容的必要性。资源描述格式兼容的理论意义在于该研究能促进目录学、编目学理论的发展。具体体现在：丰富书目控制理论，丰富信息组织的内容。其实践意义在于：支持跨系统的、分布式的资源发现；为用户的整合检索提供了必要前提；是资源共建、共知和共享的需要；是图书馆自身建设的需要；是信息网络建设的要求；是资源描述格式减少熵增、走向自组织的必备条件。 第二部分，图书馆信息资源描述格式兼容的理论研究。分析了资源描述格式兼容的含义，它与映射、互操作等概念的联系和区别。探讨了格式兼容的理论基础。从目标兼容、格式兼容、内容兼容、结构兼容、功能兼容几个方面，对资源描述格式的内容进行了理论研究，并指出在实际研究信息资源描述格式兼容问题时，主要从内容结构、句法结构、语义结构三个方面进行。从兼容格式的数量、描述格式所涉及的领域、描述格式兼容的技术三个方面，分析了信息资源描述格式兼容的范围和程度。探讨了影响资源描述格式兼容的因素：格式的学科重合程度；格式的语义匹配情况；语法结构匹配情况。 第三部分，图书馆信息资源描述格式兼容的发展历程。首先，研究了传统资源描述格式兼容的发展，包括USMARC一体化及MARC21的产生，ISO2709及其相关格式的产生，UNIMARC的产生与发展，MARC在网络资源编目上的应用。其后，研究了新兴信息资源描述格式兼容的发展，包括DC元数据格式的出现与发展，其它元数据格式兼容的发展，新兴元数据格式与机读目录格式兼容发展。最后，研究了网络环境下图书馆信息资源描述格式兼容发展的特点：格式的开放化、格式的核心化和扩展化、编码的语义化、格式兼容形式多样化、兼容手段自动化。 第四部分，图书馆信息资源描述格式兼容的总体构想与实施方案。首先，在图书馆信息资源描述格式兼容的总体构想中，提出了图书馆资源描述格式兼容的两种基本模式：集中模式和扩展模式，并从现有资源描述格式兼容和新资源描述格式兼容两方面，探讨图书馆信息资源描述格式兼容的方式。其次，提出了图书馆信息资源描述格式兼容的实施方案:推进信息资源描述标准化与规范化;利用新技术实现资源描述格式兼容;借鉴t煮报检索语言兼容的研究成果。最后，对我国图书馆信息资源描述格式兼容进行了思考，提出了具体的改进措施:加大对我国图书馆描述格式兼容的宣传力度;加强中文信息资源描述格式标准化的研究;图书馆应积极与其它机构进行合作。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid growth in the number of information resources description formats and in the requirements of users’ unified retrieval, it becomes more and more imperative for description formats to be compatible, which has become one hot topic in the study on metadata. Referring to the information resources description formats in libraries in the networked environment, this dissertation studies on their compatibility systematically. It contains four chapters.Chapter 1 discusses the necessity of resources description formats in libraries to be compatible. Presents the diversification of resources description formats in networked libraries, analyses its background and reasons. Then investigates the incompatibility of resources description formats in several famous libraries, analyses its phenomenon, reasons and disadvantage. Points out the significance of the compatibility of description formats. It will advance the development of cataloguing science, especially fulfill catalogue controlling and information organization. Meantime, in the distributed environment, it is also very helpful in cross-system resource discovery, users’ integration retrieval, jointly resource building, acknowledgement and sharing, the development of libraries, information network and description formats themselves.Chapter 2 theoretically discusses the compatibility of resources description formats. After defining resources description formats compatibility, analyses its relevance to crosswalk, mapping and interoperability, discusses the theoretical foundation of description formats compatibility. Outlines the content of description formats compatibility, which includes target, formats, content, construction, function. In practice, the study on the content of description formats focuses on three aspects: content construction, syntax construction and semantic construction. Evaluates the scope and degree of description formats compatibility in three ways: the number of compatible formats, the number of disciplines for which formats used, the technology used for compatibility. Last analyses those main factors affecting description formats compatibility, which include the degree of discipline superposition, semantic matching and syntax matching.Chapter 3 Expatiates the development of description formats compatibility in libraries. Classify the development into three parts: within traditional description formats, within new description formats-metadata, between traditional and new formats. Of traditional formatsUSMARC, ISO2709 and its relevance, UNIMARC are discoursed upon, MARC being used to catalogue networked resource is also introduced. Of new formats, DC is a focus, other metadata are discussed too. Last sums up several features of the development in networked environment: formats’ openness, tending to be core and expanding, semantic encoding, diversity of formats compatibility, being compatible automatically.Chapter 4 Raises a scheme and some measures to carry out description formats compatibility in libraries. First, in the scheme, discusses two basic compatibility patterns: concentrating pattern and expanding pattern, and brings forward some ways for current and future description formats to achieve compatibility respectively. Then, advances some measures on the whole: pushing the standardization of description formats, applying new technology, using the achievement of information retrieval language compatibility for reference. Finally, referring to the shortcomings in our libraries, puts up some opinions about how to ameliorate the situation: emphasis the necessity of compatible description formats, enhance the study on standardization of Chinese resources description formats, actively cooperate with other organizations.更多还原