【作者】 陈国新；

【导师】 张黔； 宁爱林；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 机械工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文目的在于采用机械合金化（MA）的方法研制一种强度高、导电性高的铜合金。弥散强化铜具有强度高，导电性好，软化温度高等特性，国外已广泛应用于制作电极及集成电路的引线框架材料。本文就机械合金化法的方法制备弥散铜合金进行了一些基础研究与探索。 机械合金化制备弥散强化铜材料是一种可行、简单的方法。为此本文首先分析用粉末冶金法制备的电解无氧纯铜粉末的导电性、硬度及密度，确定了最佳烧结温度为950℃。然后选用高能球磨机对金属粉末进行球磨，通过大量试验，确定了适当的球磨工艺。 本文选用WC、TiB₂、Cr₃C₂作为弥散强化相，在相同体积分数的条件下，研究了其对弥散强化铜合金电导率和强度的影响。试样由将第二相粒子与铜粉充分高能球磨混合，退火还原，压型，烧结，锻造，及机械加工制成。通过实验，表明在铜合金中加入5％（Vol％）的不同第二相粒子，950℃×2h条件下烧结，经900℃～950℃锻打后获得试样，在WC、TiB₂、Cr₃C₂3种增强相中，在本实验条件下，加入WC粒子有利于提高弥散铜合金的电导率，加入Cr₃C₂粒子有利于提高硬度，加入TiB₂粒子时所获电导率和硬度均比较差。第二相弥散强化的效果受多种因素的影响，细小均匀分布的第二相有利于提高铜合金的强度，第二相粒子本身硬度的贡献不大。弥散强化铜合金的电导率低于烧结铜合金电导率，在本实验条件下，第二相粒子本身导电性对合金电导率贡献较小。MA过程中杂质铁的掺入对合金的导电性十分有害，当用不锈钢磨筒时，存在着杂质铁的掺入，采用紫铜作磨筒可以基本避免杂质铁的掺入。 论文中还对如何提高弥散强化铜性能的途径进行了分析，为进一步研究及应用提供借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 This article introduces a mechanical alloying method to research and manufacture a kind of alloy with high strength and electrical conductivity. Dispersion-strengthened copper has characteristics of high strength, good electrical conductivity, high-softened temperature, etc. It is already extensively applied in manufacturing and integrated circuit.To manufacture dispersion-strengthened copper with MA method is feasible and simple. This article analyzes the electrical conductivity, hard degree and densities of electrolysis non-oxygen native copper powder which is manufactured with powder metallurgy method, and makes sure the best burning-knot temperature is 950C. Then high power ball whetting machine is elected to ball whet the metals powder. By a large quantity of experiments, appropriate ball whet technology is decided.The research shows different influence in strength and electrical conductivity rate with WC, TiB2 and Cr3C2 used as dispersing enhancing phase respectively when the volume fraction is fixed. The second phase will be mingled with copper powder and will ball whetted, then reverting through annealing, pressing type, burning knot, forging, finally process to standard experimental sample with machine. Experiments show that samples can be manufactured by add is 5 %(Vol%)various second phase into copper alloy, under the circumstance of burning knot at 950Cx2h, forging at 900C-950 C:WC as the enhancing phase, higher electrical conductivity rate achieved; Cr3C2 particles enhanced strength; TiB2 particles result in less strength and lower electrical conductivity rate. It is not the second phase particle itself but its small evenly divided state that contributes to the strength of the copper alloy. The electrical conductivity rate of dispersion-strengthened copper is lower than the burning-knot copper’s, and the second phase particle itself has not much to do with the electrical conductivity rate of alloy. Impure iron involved will spoil the electrical conductivity in the course of MA. Sored copper is employed as grinding pot instead of stainless steal.In this article, approaches to improve the properties of dispersion-strengthened copper are discussed and it laid the foundation for further research and application.更多还原