【作者】 李洪涛；

【导师】 舒大强； 卢文波；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 水工结构工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 水利水电工程中，地下厂房方案得到了广泛的应用，而且随着一些干流水力资源的相继开发，水电工程中地下厂房及相关洞室等在向大型化或超大型的方向发展。对大型洞室施工方法，特别是在目前地下洞室开挖广泛使用了现代化施工机械的情况下，对洞室施工程序和开挖方法作比较系统的研究，将具有很实际的工程意义。本文针对大型地下洞室，特别是地下厂房的开挖问题，作了比较深入的研究，得出一定的认识和结论。 首先，结合国内若干地下厂房的开挖实例，分析了大型地下洞室的施工特点及可能存在的问题。 其次，结合水电工程中大量的洞室开挖实例，分析了大型地下洞室施工方法的影响因素，重点讨论了洞室体形特征、围岩稳定、施工机械等对洞室开挖方法及程序的影响，并据此提出了地下洞室开挖方法选择的初步建议。 再次，研究了水电站地下厂房开挖程序和开挖方法，从厂房分层开挖考虑的因素出发，分析了地下厂房的典型分层方案；并且基于M．M．普罗托奇雅科洛夫(普氏)的山岩压力理论，并利用有限元计算软件ANSYS和工程实例，研究了厂房顶拱层的开挖程序问题，给出了顶拱开挖方法的推荐方案。 另外，从爆破震动、岩石损伤等角度出发，探讨了岩锚梁施工的相关技术问题，研究了地下厂房岩锚梁层中部、岩锚梁岩台以及岩锚梁浇筑后下部层面的开挖方法。 最后，结合国内目前在建的几个地下厂房系统的通道布置，提出了地下厂房系统施工通道布置的主要原则，并且分析了典型地下厂房系统的通道布置方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 The scheme of underground powerhouses has been used widely in the hydroelectric project. And with the exploitation of the waterpower materials in the main rivers one after the other, the underground powerhouses and the associated cavities in the hydroelectric engineering are developing towards the large-scale way. Nowadays modern equipment is applied widely in the excavation of underground powerhouses, so it is significant in the practical engineering to study the construction procedure and excavation method of the underground powerhouse. The excavation of the large underground chamber, especially the underground powerhouse, will be studied deep in this paper. And some important standpoints and conclusions are made.Firstly, according to several excavation examples of the domestic underground powerhouses, the construction characteristic and possible problems are analyzed.Secondly, according to many examples of the excavation of tunnels in the hydroelectric engineering, some influence factors of construction methods of large underground chambers are analyzed. Some factors are discussed in detail, such as shape and scale of the cavity, rock stability, equipment, etc. The primary proposal is tabled to choose the excavation method of underground tunnels.Thirdly, the construction procedure and excavation method of the large underground powerhouse are studied. And the typical multi-layered scheme is analyzed considering of the factors that influence the multi-layered excavation of the underground powerhouse. And based on the rock pressure theory, applying the ANSYS software and engineering examples, the excavation procedure of the top heading of the underground powerhouses is studied, and the recommendable project of the top-heading excavation is made.Furthermore, according to the blasting vibration and rock mass damage, such associated construction problems as the excavation method of the bench of the crane beam and the benches under the crane beam are discussed.Finally, after studying the channel designing of several domestic underground powerhouses that are building now, the elementary principle during designing the temporary access tunnels in the underground powerhouse system is described. And the typical access designing method is analyzed.更多还原