【作者】 徐松；

【导师】 刘景植；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 水利水电工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 泵站担负着工农业和生活供水的重要任务，运行中需大量消耗能量，提高泵站效率，降低能耗，对国民经济有重大意义。给水泵站主要任务是提供城镇居民生活用水，无论何时都要保证供水。因此，给水泵站必须连续运行。提抽单位水量的功耗对于给水泵站是至关重要的。而用水量又是变化的，给水泵站不可能总处于最优运行状态，必须及时调整运行方式才能提高效率、降低功耗。 给水泵站常用高效调节方式为变频调速方式。由于变频器的价格太高，因此大多数给水泵站采用一台变速泵与多台定速泵配合使用的方法。调节方式为开停机调节与变频调速相结合的方式。因此，优化运行所要解决的问题是：在确定的给水泵站中，已知当前流量和出水口压力的范围，寻求最合适的开机方式和变速泵的转速使总的电功率最小。目前对于具有多种调节方式的泵站，其优化运行的理论较少，方案的产生也较复杂。 我国大部分给水泵站所安装的泵都为离心泵。当出水口压力h确定后，对于确定的定速泵系统其工作点就已经确定了。机组的工作点的确定意味着电动机消耗的功率P也确定了。由此可见，P与h之间应该有确定的函数关系，即P=f(h)。同时流量Q与h的也有关系Q=f(h)。而变速泵系统还需要知道流量才可以确定其工作点。因此，对于变速泵系统应该存在关系P=f(h，Q)。如何运用定速泵的P=f(h)、Q=f(h)关系及调速泵的P=f(h，Q)关系来确定泵站优化运行方案是本文核心所在。 本文以海南那大给水工程二级泵站为例，深入研究了水泵机组的机电特性，具体阐述了以泵站消耗的总电功率最小为目标函数的优化方案。文中以大量数据为基础，通过拟合得到每台机组的电功率、流量、出厂压力的关系。在当前流量已检测出的情况下，对泵站的运行方式进行优化，最终得出各流量对应的运行方式。这种优化方案及其产生过程对于大多数给水泵站的经济运行有参考意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Pumping station supplies water for domestic, agricultural and industrial purposes, it consumes a lot of energy. It has a great interest for reducing power expenditure to increase its efficiency. We must adjust the operation method to reach this aim.Timing frequency controlling is in the common use in feed pumping stations. Concerning for the high price of the transducer, most stations adopt the combining of one shifting and several stability pumps. In this way, the problem need to be solved in optimum operation is: seeking for the most suitable operation method and the rotate speed to minimize the total power. Recent theory about this is short as well as the method is complicated.Centrifugal pumps are widely used in feed pumping stations. When the pressure (h) is determinate, so is the working point. And that means the power (P) consumed by electromotor is also determinated. Thus , we can draw a conclusion that there is a certain relationship between P and h and between the discharge (Q) and h. How to apply these relationships to determine the optimum operating method in pumping stations is the key point of this dissertation.In this paper author takes the second-stage pumping station of Nada water supply engineering in Hainan as an example, and makes a deep study on mechanical and electrical property of pumping unit and describes the optimum operating scheme taking minimum total electric-power as an objective function. On the basis of abundant data, author has determined the relationship of power, discharge and pressure. Once the discharge is given, the optimum operating method of the pumps can be determined. This economical operation method has reference significance to most of pumping stations for water supply.更多还原