【作者】 王向阳；

【导师】 陈珉；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 软件工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 如何在模糊或不断变化的需求下，控制软件开发风险，实现快节奏的软件开发，是软件人员需要解决的问题。 本文对传统的软件开发方法如瀑布模型、快速原型法模型进行了评价，并结合一个实际案例，分析了传统软件开发方法的不足。简要论述了敏捷方法的特点，与传统方法进行了对比，并介绍了几种常用的敏捷方法。 极限编程是众多敏捷方法中最引人注目的一个。极限编程首先开发出软件最重要的特性，随着项目的进展通过不断迭代来满足新的需求，从而使整个项目失败的风险减到最小。该方法强调团队工作，管理人员、客户、开发人员都是致力于开发合格软件的团队的一部分。极限编程通过遵行“交流、简单、反馈和勇气”四个基本价值改进软件开发，并提出了十二个核心实践确保软件开发成功。 本文详细论述了极限编程的基本概念、实施过程和关键实践等，对极限编程方法在实现策略、对软件风险的控制以及制约极限编程方法应用的因素等方面进行了深入的研究。并将极限编程方法指导“发电机状态监测”项目的开发，验证了极限编程方法在小型项目开发中的敏捷性，并在实践过程中改进极限编程方法以满足特定环境下的应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 How to control the risk and carry out quick-step software developing with the fuzzy or continually changing software requirements, that is a problem which software engineers need to solve.This paper evaluates the traditionary software developing methods such as waterfall model and rapid prototyping model, and analyses their shortcomings with a case. It simply discusses the features of Agile Methodology, and compares it with traditionary software developing methods, Introduces a few Agile Methodologies mostly used also.XP is the most remarkable methodology of these Agile Methodologies. The most important features of software need to be realized firstly, according to the principle of XP methodology, and new requirements will be meet by constant iteration, therefore the risk of project can be controlled. This methodology emphasizes teamwork. Managers, customers, and developers are all part of a team dedicated to delivering quality software. XP improves a software project by keeping four essential values: "communication, simplicity, feedback, and courage". There are 12 key practices of XP to insure project be successful.This paper detailedly discusses basic concept, procedures and key practices, and studies the realization strategy, risk controlling and factors constraining application of XP deeply. I apply it to instruct software developing of "Monitor for The State of Generator System", and validate the agility of XP applied to small project, improve XP to meet the especial condition by practices also.更多还原