【作者】 王彦；

【导师】 张庆麟；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 法律， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 现代国际贸易的货物的交付过程比较复杂，大多要经过空运、海运或陆路运输。而这期间，货物难免要遭受各种意外损失，如盗窃、火灾、沉船、破碎、渗漏以及不属于正常损耗的腐烂变质等，这些致使货物遭受毁损、灭失的风险应如何划分，应由谁来承担，切实关系到买卖双方当事人的利益，是买卖双方当事人极为关注的问题。关于风险转移的法律制度表明交易条件下风险自卖方转移至买方的准确时间和地点，使我们能通过确定货物损失原因、性质决定由哪一方承担风险损失责任，因此成为买卖合同尤其是国际货物买卖合同中一个十分重要的问题。 本文将对风险的概念、含义及其特征、风险转移的各种理论学说、风险转移的特定规则以及与风险转移密切相关的一些问题予以介绍和分析研究；对《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》、美国《统一商法典》、《中华人民共和国合同法》之相关规定进行比较，在此基础上探讨各种风险承担原则的具体内容和适用条件，论述违约对风险转移的影响；最后，从理论发展和实际需要的角度出发，指出我国《合同法》关于风险转移问题之规定存在的立法缺陷，寻求《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》、《美国统一商法典》可借鉴之处，提出完善我国合同立法关于风险转移问题的几点建议，以求对我国对内贸易和对外贸易实务有所助益。更多还原

【Abstract】 Modern international trade have always been dealt with transnationaly. Due to its complicated delivery process, cargoes transported by air, sea and road inevitably processs, such as stolen, fire, sinking, crush, leakage and abnormally rotten and deteriorated. These involve bilateral interest, and these arouse great concern with both parties on how to divide and bear these risks caused by loss. The legal system of passing of risk shows the exact time and place for the risks passing from a seller to a buyer under a particular transaction condition, which makes us be able to decide which party shall assume the responsibility for the risk losses by establishing the reason and nature of the goods losses. The principle becomes one of the most important things reflected in business contracts, especially in transnational business, The article is preparing to introduce something about the concept, meanings and characteristics of risk, to study relative theories and certain rules and to analyze some case about risk-transfer under the international trade customs. And then, I will make a comparison among correlative provision of United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Good (CISG), Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) and Contract Law of PRC. Beside, I want to discuss some contents and applied conditions of various principle of risk bearing and the impact of risk-transfer caused by breaching of contract. Finally, I wish to point out the defect existed in Contract Law about risk-transfer practically and theoretically and find out something available appeared in CISG, UCC and Contract Law of PRC, give several suggestions on improving contract law of risk transferring. I hope it useful in dealing with domestic and foreign trade.更多还原