【作者】 李长宇；

【导师】 舒乃秋；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 电力系统及其自动化， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 电能是国民经济和人民生活的主要能源，对国家的发展起着举足轻重的作用。电能计量数据涉及到发电、供电与用电三方经济利益，同时也是许多技术指标计算的重要依据。目前，随着电力电子装置等非线性负荷的大量应用，电网中电压、电流波形往往偏离正弦波形而发生畸变，因此谐波对电能计量影响的研究受到各方的普遍关注。基于这一课题已有的研究成果，本文从谐波对电能计量准确性影响和对电能计量合理性影响两方面进行了研究分析。 论文首先论述了电能计量在经济结算和技术指标计算上的重要性，阐述了电力系统中谐波存在的普遍性及谐波的严重危害，由此说明研究谐波条件下电能计量的重要意义。 通过查阅大量的国内外文献资料，论文在介绍了感应式和电子式两类电能表结构的基础上，详细说明了感应式和采用数字乘法器的电子式电能表的计量原理。在谐波对电能计量准确性影响的理论分析中，结合这两类表的计量原理，对只有电流波形畸变和存在谐波功率两种情况，做了详细的分析和论述。通过谐波下线性负载和非线性负载消耗电能的推导，指出在现行电能计量方式下，电能计量中存在的不合理之处。 进行理论分析的同时，利用实时数字仿真系统(RTDS)进行了大量的仿真实验。实验结果表明，感应式电能表对于基波和谐波总电能的计量有着较大误差；而电子式电能表则能准确反映出被测电能值。但不管是哪种类型的电能表，在现行计量方式下，计量的准确性与合理性之间都存在着矛盾。 针对电能计量上存在的问题，对现行电能计量方式和电费计算方式提出了改进建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 The electric energy is the main energy of the national economy and people’s lives, it plays a very important role to the development of the country. The measurement data involves the tripartite economic benefits of generating electricity, supplying power and using. It is also important bases that a lot of technical indicators are calculated. At present, with a large amount of application in non-linear loads, such as electric and electronic devices etc. The voltage, electric current wave form is often deviated from sine wave. So the harmonic receives the general concern of each side to the research of measuring influence of electric energy. On the base of the existing research results of subject, the influence of harmonic is analyzed correctly in this text from electric energy measure accuracy and electric energy measure rationality two angles. A lot of work have been done in this paper, explain it as follows in detail.The importance of electric energy measurement is explained at first in economic balance and the technical indicator calculating, at the same time the fact that the universality and serious harm of harmonic in the power system is described in the paper. It indicates the important meaning of study electric energy measurement with the situation of harmonic.Through consulting a large number of domestic and foreign language materials , the structure of induction and electron type electric energy meter is introduced, and their operation principle is explained specially in detail. The measuring accuracy influenced by the harmonic is analyzed from the theory particularly, combining the measurement principle of these two kinds of meters, under the condition of that there is only the voltage or the electric current wave form distortion or existing harmonic power. It points out the irrationality of electric energy measurement under current electric energy measuring standard through the expression formula of the electric energy consumed by linear loads and non-linear loads.A large number of simulation experiments are carried on utilizing the Real-Time Digital Simulation (RTDS). The experimental data indicates that induction electric energy meter has heavy error to the total energy value of base and all harmonic energy; and the data also explains electron type electric energy meter can reflect accurately the total value. But no matter every electric energy meter of kind, contradiction of measurement accuracy and rationality exists under current electric energy measuring standard.Suggestion of improving the standard of electric energy measurement and electric rate calculating is offered at the end of the thesis.更多还原