【作者】 任刚；

【导师】 林方直；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古师范大学 ， 中国古代文学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 文章旨在从心理动力方面探讨司马迁对传主心理的探掘。司马迁充分地认识到了人在历史上的决定作用，因此，他非常重视对人的研究。在对人的研究中，司马迁涉及到了传主心理动力方面的內容。心理动力是一个心理学概念，是人的行为的动力系统，是一个人行为的原动力。它决定着人对周围世界认识、态度以及由此做出的选择，决定着他追求什么，什么对他来说最有价值。心理动力对人的行为影响很大，有时甚至是决定性的。历史人物的心理动力自然对历史产生一定的影响，有时甚至是决定性的。心理动力由四个方面，即需要、动机、兴趣爱好、价值观(信念、理想、人生观等)构成，文章主要从这四个方面进行分析。通过分析，使我们看到了传主的心理动力诸方面对传主行为的巨大的、甚至是决定性的影响。这些都自然影响了传主的一生，也在一定意义上影响了中国历史的进程。从而使我们较深入地看到了司马迁从深隐之处对天人之际、古今之变所做的探讨。 从心理动力角度分析传主行为的原动力，这可以看作司马迁对传主心理探掘所达到的深度。对人行为动力的分析，也就是从本质上、本性上对人的探掘，因此，司马迁在这方面的分析，已不是普通意义上的人物心理的研究，而是上升到了传主人性的高度。这可以说司马迁在人物心理的探掘上所达到的高度。由此我们可以从一个新的角度审视司马迁在研究人，特别是在对传主心理探掘方面所取得的成就。此外，通过分析，也使我们对《史记》的人物有了进一步的认识，从而使我们进一步看到了司马迁在塑造人物形象上所取得的成就。 《史记》的研究者向来重视《史记》的心理描写，涉及到传主心理的方方面面。文章涉及到的内容也散见于一些专著和论文。文章就是在古彦今贤研究的基础上，从心理动力的角度对《史记》进行尝试性的探讨。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper, from the respect of psychodynamic, makes a study of SiMaqian’s exploration of his heroines’ mentality. SiMaqian attached importance to the research on men’s mentality because he had fully understood the decisive role which men played in history development. In his study on men SiMaqian paid attention to his heroines’ psychodynamics. Psychodynamic, which is a concept of Psychology, is a dynamic system and a basic drive power of man’s behaviors. It dominates man’s recognition of, attitude to and decision on the world around. It also dominates what he pursues and what is the most valuable on him. Psychodynamic heavily affects man’s behaviors, and is even decisive sometimes. Psychodynamics of historical figures, therefore, make much influence’ on history development in some extent ,even decisive some times. Psychodynamic is constituted by mental needs, motives, preference and values (faith, ambition, outlook on life and so on).Through analysing from these four aspects, it comes clear that heroines’ psychodynamics have enormous and even decisive influence on their behaviors, which affect heroines’ lives and even China’s history development in some extent. All what SiMaqian had done deepen our understanding of "the relationship between man and heaven, the changesfrom ancient to modern" from deep heart.Digging the basic motives of heroines’ behaviors from their psychodynamics can been seen as the depth which SiMaqian reached on heroines’ psychodynamic exploration; the digging in true nature and character can be seen as the height SiMaqian reached on the height which is not in general meaning but in humanity. From these new perspectives we understand cleanly SiMaqian’s achievements in studying of men especially in heroines’ psychodynamics. On the other hand, by analysis we learn more about men in Ship and understand further SiMaqian’s achievements in creating figures.Researchers on Shiji have always been paying much attention to mental discription from many aspects which scatter in their books and articles related. On the basis of information offered by these scholars, my papper is worked out.更多还原